我国古代婚姻年龄问题研究及当代意义

发布时间：2018-03-01 07:24

本文关键词： 古代婚龄早婚高婚龄降低婚龄　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国古代社会,生产力不发达,科学技术比较落后,一切社会生产都依赖人力活动,人口的多少也成为影响社会发展的重要因素。在古代社会婚姻年龄和生育年龄不分离的情况下,人们什么时间结婚就明显成为影响当时社会政治、经济发展水平的重要因素,因此我国古代社会历代统治者或者是基于社会发展或者是出于自身的政治需要,都会制定出不同的法定婚姻年龄。本文首先阐述我国古代婚姻年龄的概念、以及法定婚姻年龄和成人的关系;然后通过对我国古代历朝大量的婚姻年龄立法和具体实践的研究,得出我国历代法定婚姻年龄的立法特征和形成原因,并在此基础上对我国古代婚龄立法在当时社会的具体实践状况进行了研究,最后通过对我国古代法定婚姻年龄实施的效果评析,得出我国传统社会法定婚姻年龄普遍较低的必要性、合理性、并在此基础上对我国当前社会实施的“男22周岁、女20周岁”的最低法定婚龄进行评价。纵观当今世界潮流,多数国家的法律明确规定男、女18岁以上或者16岁以上结婚即为合法婚姻,受法律保护,明显低于我国现行的“男22周岁、女20周岁”的法定最低婚龄。联合国人权事务委员会和国际人权组织也都认为:男、女但凡达到15岁,其婚姻即为合法的,应该受到法律的保护,世界各国、各地区可以根据本民族的经济、政治及文化教育、风俗等,制定出符合本民族习俗的婚姻年龄政策,但一般不应大于20岁。由此可见,我国现行《婚姻法》中的“男22周岁、女20周岁”的法定最低婚龄是不符合当今时代发展的,更与我国古代的婚姻年龄立法规定相差甚远。本文主要通过对我国古代婚姻年龄问题的研究,以期找出当今我国社会出现的“史上最高法定婚姻年龄”导致的难题的解决办法,最终得出降低我国现行法定婚姻年龄的合理性所在,并提出未来降低法定婚姻年龄的立法意见。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, the productive forces were underdeveloped, science and technology were relatively backward, and all social production depended on human activities. The number of people has also become an important factor affecting social development. With the age of marriage and childbearing not separated in ancient society, when people get married, it is obvious that when people get married, it becomes an important factor affecting the level of social and economic development at that time. Therefore, the rulers of ancient Chinese society either based on social development or out of their own political needs, will make different legal age of marriage. This paper first describes the concept of the age of marriage in ancient China. And the relationship between the legal age of marriage and adults, and then through the study of a large number of legislation and practice of the legal age of marriage in ancient China, the legislative characteristics and the reasons for the formation of the legal age of marriage in the past dynasties of China are obtained. On this basis, the author studies the specific practice of the ancient marriage age legislation in the society at that time, and finally evaluates the effect of the implementation of the legal marriage age in ancient China. The necessity and rationality of the lower legal age of marriage in traditional society of our country are obtained. On the basis of this, the minimum legal marriage age of "22 years of men and 20 years of age of women" implemented in the current society of our country is evaluated. The laws of most countries explicitly stipulate that marriage is legal for men and women over 18 years of age or over 16 years of age, and is protected by law, which is obviously lower than the current age of "22 years of age for men" in China. The United Nations Human Rights Committee and international human rights organizations also believe that marriage of men and women who reach the age of 15 is legal and should be protected by law. According to the national economy, politics, culture and education, customs and so on, all regions may formulate a marriage age policy that conforms to their own national customs, but generally should not be more than 20 years old. Thus, it can be seen that in the present Marriage Law of China, "the male is 22 years old," The legal minimum marriage age of 20 years old women is not in line with the development of the present age, and it is far from the legal provisions of the marriage age in ancient China. This paper mainly through the study of the age of marriage in ancient China. In order to find out the solution to the problem caused by "the highest legal age of marriage in the history" in our society, finally we can find out the rationality of lowering the current legal age of marriage in our country. And put forward the legislative opinion of lowering the legal marriage age in the future.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D929

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