五代刑事法律制度变化及其影响

发布时间：2018-03-05 07:10

本文选题：五代　切入点：刑事法律制度　出处：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对五代刑事法律制度的评价,从宋代开始并一直延续至今,在不同的时期,人们从不同的立场和角度都进行过评判,所得出的结论也不尽相同。很多学者对五代法制尤其是刑事法律制度的评价,持否定态度的观点居多。但笔者认为,五代时期的刑事法律制度与唐代相比,虽然有失严酷,但亦有进步之处。五代是一个风云际会的时代,彼时变乱频仍,局势动荡,各种社会问题层出不穷。时势的变化,导致了五代刑事法律制度也随之发生较大的变化并呈现出自己的一些特点。五代继承了唐代的刑法原则,并使之更为明确和完善,比如在共犯地位的划分上,采用“同情”及“知情”的区分,是对唐代处理共犯原则的一重大发展。而五代在刑罚制度上的残酷化以及重法惩处盗贼等罪名,加重对某些犯罪的惩处,则要根据五代所处的历史环境来分析：一方面我们要认识到五代刑法趋于残酷的事实,另一方面我们也要看到,五代继承和沿用了唐代中后期的已经失于宽简的刑罚制度,又加上五代乱世,按照中国古代“刑罚世轻世重”“刑乱国用重典”的原则,其刑罚制度趋于严酷亦在情理之中。同时五代作为承唐启宋的过渡时期,其刑事法律制度的变化和发展对宋代及后世也产生了深远的影响。因此,对五代刑事法律制度的诸种变化予以考究,以探讨它对宋代及后世产生怎样的影响,就显得很有必要且极具学术价值。本文首先着重介绍五代刑事法律制度与唐代相比较产生的一些重大变化,继而从这些变化中总结出五代刑事法律制度自身呈现出的特点,最后在对五代刑事法律制度变化成因分析之后,深入探讨了五代刑事法律制度种种变化对宋代及后世造成的深远影响。全文分为三个部分：引言、正文和结语。引言部分着重介绍了五代法制史研究的现状和相关的研究成果。正文分为三个部分。第一部分着重探讨了五代刑事法律制度较唐代产生的变化。五代的刑事法律原则在继承唐代基础上又有所变化和发展,表现在：官当和赎刑制度初期并无定制,后来规定的官当和赎刑在内容上,对官员的优容不如唐代；罪过认定上矫正了唐中后期的一些错误做法,恢复和发展了唐代前期确定的某些进步规定；共同犯罪的处理上区分“知情”与“同情”,实为一大创举,较唐代更为进步。五代刑罚制度较唐代有重大的变化,整体上趋于残酷,表现在：杖刑适用范围扩大,广泛使用配刑和刺配入刑,死刑执行方式也发生很大变化。五代在某些具体罪名的量刑上较唐代也有所不同,很多罪行的处罚在不同程度上有所加重。正文第二部份论述了五代刑事法律自身的特点。五代时期定罪时要依据敕的规定,敕的地位要高于律和格；五代刑法严苛,各代多制定峻法,而且多滥用酷刑和肉刑,刑罚更加残酷。正文第三部份探讨了五代刑事法律制度产生变化的原因以及这种变化对宋代及后世的影响。五代刑事法律制度变化的原因,除了社会政治经济形势这一根本因素之外,也与因其存续历史较短因而受唐中后期法律制度的影响较大有关。五代刑事法律制度的变化尤其在刑罚制度上影响巨大：一方面五代在刑罚执行上继承唐中后期的做法,进一步扩大杖刑的适用范围,对原有中国古代五刑体系中的笞、徒、流、死刑的适用造成了更大的冲击,对宋代影响甚大。宋代在五代基础上创折杖法,使原有的笞、杖、徒、流、死传统五刑,逐步在刑罚的实际执行中为臀杖、脊杖、徒刑、死刑五种刑罚所替代,最终导致旧五刑体系在宋代名存实亡。另一方面,五代广泛运用配刑和将刺配入刑、公开大量使用“凌迟”手法行刑、同时恢复肉刑的做法,为宋代及后世所继承发展,对中国封建社会后期的法制,造成了极其严重的影响,最终使得中国封建社会后期的刑罚日趋残酷。结语部分对五代刑事法律制度给以简单的总结。
[Abstract]:Evaluation of the five generation of the criminal legal system, from the Song Dynasty and continues today, at different times, people from different positions and angles of judgment, the conclusions are not the same. Many scholars of the five generation of legal system especially the evaluation of the criminal legal system, a negative attitude. But I believe that, compared with the Tang Dynasty Five Dynasties of the criminal legal system, though it still harsh, but also has the improvement. The five generation is an era of turmoil when the meeting of wind and clouds, frequent unrest, emerge in an endless stream all kinds of social problems. The changes of the situation, leading to the five generation of criminal legal system will also change greatly and show some characteristics of their own. The five generation of the Tang Dynasty inherited the principles of criminal law, and make it more clear and perfect, such as the status of the division of an accomplice, the "compassion" and "know" distinction, is the Tang Dynasty A major development of generation and the five generation. The principle of accomplice in criminal penalty system of the cruel and heavy punishment law thieves and other charges, aggravated to some criminal punishment, according to the five generation of the historical environment on the one hand, we must recognize the five generation of criminal law tends to the cruel fact, on the other hand we also see that the five generation and use in the late Tang Dynasty has been lost in the wide reduction of penalty system, and with the five generation times, according to the Chinese ancient "penalty" and "criminal penalties in chaos" principle, the penalty system tends to be harsh but also reasonable. At the same time, the five generation as the transition period of Tang and Song Dynasty, the change and development of the criminal legal system has a profound influence to the Song Dynasty and later. Therefore, on the five changes in the criminal legal system to be known, how to explore its influence on Song Dynasty and later It sounds necessary and academic value.
Some major changes this paper focuses on the five generation of criminal legal system and the Tang Dynasty is produced, and then summed up the characteristics of the five generation of the criminal legal system presents its own from these changes, finally after the analysis of the five changes in the criminal legal system causes, discusses the profound influence of the five generation changes caused by the criminal legal system the Song Dynasty and later. The full text is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.
The introduction focuses on the present situation of the study of the history of the five generation of legal system and the related research results.
The text is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the five changes in the criminal legal system in Tang Dynasty is produced. The five generation of the principles of criminal law in the Tang Dynasty on the basis of inheritance and change and development in guandang and early redemption penalty system is not customized, then the official regulations and when the ransom in the content of. Officials composed as Tang; sin found on the corrected some wrong practices in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the restoration and development of the early Tang Dynasty identified some progress; the handling of the crime to distinguish between "know" and "sympathy", is a major undertaking, than the Tang Dynasty more progress. The five generation of the penalty system is significant in Tang Dynasty the changes tended to cruel, in: stick to expand the scope, with widespread use of torture and cipei into punishment, execution of death penalty has also undergone great changes. The five generation of specific charges in sentencing on the Tang Dynasty Are different, many crimes punished in varying degrees has increased. The second part discusses the characteristics of the five generation of criminal law itself. Five Dynasties conviction according to the provisions of the imperial edict, the position is higher than the law and the case; five Harsh Criminal Law, each generation to develop Junfa, and more torture and abuse corporal punishment, punishment is more cruel. The third part discusses the impact of the five causes of the changes in the criminal legal system and the change of Song Dynasty and later on. Five reasons for changes in the criminal legal system, in addition to the fundamental factors of social political and economic situation, and also because of the existence of relatively short history and thus affected the late legal system in the Tang Dynasty more relevant. Five changes in the criminal legal system especially the criminal penalty system is huge: on the one hand, the five generation in the execution of punishment on the inheritance of late Tang Dynasty practices, to further expand the rod of punishment The scope of the original Chinese ancient bamboo cane five penalties system, and flow, the application of the death penalty caused a greater impact, great impact on the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty in the five generation based on a stick, so that the original bamboo cane, cane, and flow, die traditional five penalties, gradually in the actual the execution of the penalty stick for hip, spinal rod, imprisonment, death penalty of five replaced, eventually led to the old five penalties system in Song Dynasty. In the other hand, with extensive use of the Five Dynasties and make the cipei into public punishment, extensive use of "slicing" method of execution, while restoring the practice of corporal punishment, as the Song Dynasty and later the inheritance and development of the late China feudal legal system, caused extremely serious consequences, the post Chinese feudal penalty increasingly cruel. The conclusion of the five generation of the criminal legal system is.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D924

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