论德国环境侵权因果关系要件的证明策略及其启示

发布时间：2018-03-10 22:08

本文选题：德国法　切入点：环境侵权之诉　出处：《法律适用》2017年15期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：德国环境侵权因果关系要件的证明策略是推定规则。该规则属于法律上的事实推定,具有分配客观证明责任的功能。进一步考察即可发现,推定规则是基于德国实体法中客观证明责任的分配规范而创设,并通过相关配套设施的辅助,及法官综合运用多种证明评价方法得以有效实施的。考虑到我国既有法律体系与制度环境均不同于德国,直接引入推定规则的方案并不可行,但其解决问题的思路及遵循的规则却极具启发意义,即我国对环境侵权因果关系的证明策略安排,也应立足于实体法规范中的客观证明责任分配,着重强调法官运用证明评价方法的能力,以达到缓解因果关系要件举证困难的最终目的。
[Abstract]:The proof strategy of environmental tort causality in Germany is the presumption rule, which belongs to the legal presumption of fact and has the function of distributing the objective burden of proof. The presumption rule is based on the allocation of objective burden of proof in German substantive law and is assisted by related facilities. Taking into account that the existing legal system and institutional environment in China are different from those in Germany, it is not feasible to introduce presumption rules directly. However, the thought of solving the problem and the rules it follows are of great enlightening significance, that is, the arrangement of proof strategy for the causality of environmental tort in our country should also be based on the objective burden of proof distribution in the norms of substantive law. Emphasis is placed on the judge's ability to use the method of proof evaluation in order to alleviate the difficulty of proving causality.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【基金】：“国家2011计划司法文明协同创新中心”项目的阶段性研究成果,项目批准号:教技函[2013]26号
【分类号】：D951.6;DD912.6

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