情理在司法适用中的作用研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 17:02

本文选题：情理　切入点：司法适用　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：情理诞生于中国古代司法中,并得以发展,主要用于司法裁决和息讼止争。经过历史的洗涤和发展,尽管我国的现代司法提倡法治建设,但是情理作为中华文化传统,仍有很强的生命力。受传统法律文化的影响,很多民众仍然将情理作为基本的价值判断标准,并且潜移默化的影响着司法审判的过程和结果,甚至在一些案件的审理中,会出现情理和法律相冲突的局面。本文从情理的古代和现代的涵义入手,对情理进行界定,使人们对情理有一个更深的认识,情理作为传统文化的一部分,在现代司法中或隐或现的发挥着其作用。当代司法实践中也不乏运用情理的例子。当然,情理在司法中的适用既有积极作用,也有很多不足,情理可以对法律起到一定的补充作用,实现法律效果与社会效果的统一,与此同时,情理也容易导致法官自由裁量权的滥用,影响法律的权威,如果过分运用甚至会影响到法律的稳定性。因情理自身存在局限性,在当代司法适用中也存在一定的问题,笔者从问题出发,剖析原因,从而可以在现代司法中趋利避害,使情理在司法实践中更好的发挥效用,从而更好的为法治社会建设服务。本文除引言和结论之外,共有五部分内容:第一部分主要对古代情理和现代情理的涵义进行解析,并对本文所研究的情理进行界定,由此得出,尽管古代和现代对情理的重视程度不同,但是都不能否认情理在我们的司法审判中起到不可或缺的作用;第二部分主要探讨情理在当代司法裁判中是如何体现的,情理在裁判文书中的体现,使得裁判文书具有了“人情味”,同时,情理在司法调解中发挥效用,使得调解的成功率大大上升;第三部分则主要分析情理在司法适用中的作用,情理在现代司法中有其积极作用,它可以对法律未能规定的部分起到补充的作用,同时也可为法律的制定提供参考,实现法律效果、政治效果和社会效果的统一,对我国的司法裁判有着积极意义;但不可否认,情理也有其自身局限,可能会造成法官自由裁量权的滥用,甚至会影响到法律的稳定性,使得法律权威丧失,这些消极影响都是我们要面对和积极克服的;第四部分是在剖析情理在司法适用中作用的基础上,发现其在当代司法适用中的问题,民众对法律和情理存在一定的错误认知,以及法官存在的认知误区,都使得情理在司法适用中存在些问题。产生这些问题的原因是多方面的,既受传统观念影响,也有法律工作者和民众自身对法律认知的不足,这些都导致了民众不能对情理有一个合理的认识,情理的积极作用得不到及时有效的发挥;第五部分是通过分析情理在司法适用中的问题和原因后提出的建议,不仅在立法环节吸收情理的积极意义,还要在司法实践中创新方式方法,同时也要提高法律工作者的素质,增强民众的法律意识。
[Abstract]:Reason was born and developed in ancient Chinese judicature, mainly used in judicial adjudication and interest litigation. After the history of washing and development, although our country's modern judicature advocates the construction of the rule of law, but as the Chinese cultural tradition, reason is the tradition of Chinese culture. There is still a strong vitality. Under the influence of the traditional legal culture, many people still regard reason as the basic criterion of value judgment, and have a subtle influence on the process and outcome of the judicial trial, even in the trial of some cases. There will be a conflict between reason and law. This paper begins with the ancient and modern meanings of reason, and defines it so that people have a deeper understanding of reason, which is a part of traditional culture. There are many examples of the use of reason in contemporary judicial practice. Of course, the application of reason in the administration of justice has both a positive role and a lot of shortcomings. Reason can play a supplementary role to the law and realize the unification of the legal effect and the social effect. At the same time, it is easy to lead to the abuse of the judge's discretion and influence the authority of the law. If excessive application even affects the stability of the law, because of the limitation of reason itself, there are also some problems in the application of contemporary justice. The author proceeds from the problem and analyzes the reasons, so as to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages in modern justice. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, there are five parts in this paper: the first part mainly analyzes the meaning of ancient and modern reason. And this article studies the reason to carry on the definition, from this conclusion, although ancient and the modern value to the reason is different, but can not deny the reason to play the indispensable role in our judicial trial; The second part mainly discusses how the reason is embodied in the contemporary judicial judgment, and the embodiment of the reason in the judgment document, which makes the judgment document have the "humanity", at the same time, the reason plays the role in the judicial mediation. The third part mainly analyzes the role of reason in the application of justice, which plays an active role in modern justice, and it can supplement the part that the law fails to provide. At the same time, it can also provide reference for the making of law, and realize the unification of legal effect, political effect and social effect, which has positive significance to the judicial judgment of our country, but there is no denying that reason also has its own limitations. It may cause the abuse of the judge's discretion, even affect the stability of the law, make the loss of the legal authority, these negative effects we have to face and actively overcome; The 4th part is based on the analysis of the role of reason in the application of justice, finds its problems in the contemporary judicial application, the people have certain wrong cognition to the law and the reason, and the misunderstanding of the judge. These problems are caused by a variety of reasons. They are influenced by traditional ideas, but also by the lack of legal workers and the public's own understanding of the law. All these have resulted in the people unable to have a reasonable understanding of reason, and the positive role of reason cannot be brought into full play in a timely and effective manner. Part 5th is through the analysis of the problems and reasons for the application of reason in the administration of justice. It is necessary not only to absorb the positive meaning of reason in the legislative link, but also to innovate the ways and methods in judicial practice, at the same time, to improve the quality of legal workers and enhance the legal consciousness of the public.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D90-052

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