论21世纪美国国家情报立法的利益竞争困境——以美国《情报改革与恐怖主义预防法》的颁布和落实为主要依据

发布时间：2018-03-12 18:52

本文选题：美国　切入点：情报立法　出处：《情报杂志》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的/意义]美国是情报法制建设最为完备的国家之一,已建成以法律、总统令、部门指令为一体的法制体系。为应对21世纪国家安全威胁的深刻变化,美国政府在国家情报领域进行最广泛、最深刻的立法,拉动和牵引美国国家情报系统的改革和发展。分析和研究21世纪美国国家情报立法,不仅能够把握美国国家情报立法的动因、举措和困境,也能为我国国家情报立法提供部分借鉴。[方法/过程]以美国《情报改革与恐怖主义预防法》的颁布和落实为主要依据,采用文献分析法系统梳理相关法律文件的辩论记录、法律条文及相应的落实性文件。[结果/结论]通过研究发现,行政机构的利益竞争是困扰这一阶段美国国家情报立法的主要因素。对此,美国政府在撰写法律条款时采取了多项折中做法,给予美国内阁部门较大的自由裁量权,也在很大程度上影响了法律的实际效果。
[Abstract]:[Objective] / significance of the United States is one of the most comprehensive national intelligence legal system construction, has been built by the law, presidential decree, department instruction as one of the legal system. As the profound changes in response to the twenty-first Century national security threats, the government of the United States the most widely in the field of national intelligence, the most profound legislation, pulling and hauling of national intelligence system reform and development. Analysis and Research on the twenty-first Century National Intelligence legislation, not only to grasp the dynamics of US National Intelligence legislation, measures and difficulties, can also provide some reference. Method / process] in the United States "intelligence reform and terrorism prevention act in accordance with the promulgation and implementation of national intelligence as the main basis for the legislation of our country, using the method of literature analysis system combing the relevant legal documents, the records of the debate, the legal provisions and the corresponding implementation documents. Results / conclusions through research found that the benefits of competition is the administrative agencies This is the main factor that puzzles the national intelligence legislation in this stage. For this reason, the US government adopted several compromise measures when writing the legal provisions, giving the US Cabinet department a larger discretion, and also greatly influenced the actual effect of the law.

【作者单位】：解放军外国语学院;
【基金】：解放军外国语学院基金项目暨2110工程项目“美国国家情报法制建设及其对我国的启示”(编号:2015XYY006)研究成果之一
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.1

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