昂格尔法律变迁理论的研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 01:11

本文选题：法律变迁　切入点：社会形态　出处：《西北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当代中国社会正处于历史转型时期,制度变迁尤其是法律变迁成为鲜明的时代特色。法律变迁是一个整体性的概念,包括法律在概念、规则、原则、体系结构和制度等现象层面以及在价值理念、精神等本质层面上的变化。而社会的转变出现了一种从社会的角度并且进一步从社会学角度看待、分析法律的倾向。由此,关注法社会学研究的重要课题法律与社会之间的关系与相互作用将变得十分重要,不仅有助于探究法律变迁的一些规律,更对我国的法治建设有重大指导意义。在诸多法社会学著作中,昂格尔的《现代社会中的法律》得到了国内外学者广泛而深刻地研读。他之所以被法学界公认为批判法律研究运动的领袖人物,在于对西方自由主义法律传统的批判,并主张自由主义法治只是虚假的神话;而我国的大多数学者同样致力于研究他的批判法治思想以及对中国法治建设的借鉴价值,但是对于其法律变迁理论的研究涉及很少。本文整理出了隐藏在该著作中的昂格尔法律变迁理论,提出法律变迁过程的一般理论从部落社会的习惯法发展为贵族社会的官僚法,进而转变为自由主义社会的法律秩序,再发展到当今后自由主义社会法律秩序的解体;侧重从社会组织和社会意识相互影响的视角探析相应的法律特征;涉及到昂格尔对法律概念、法律类型的模式、法律评价标准、法治的独特理解。本文分为五章,总共四万字。第一章是论文的引言,简单介绍了本文之所以选择研究昂格尔法律变迁理论的背景、意义,以及目前为止国内外对昂格尔思想研究的现状与本文的重点、难点。第二章介绍昂格尔法律变迁理论的产生问题,这部分内容是为进一步阐述论文的主体部分做铺设。理论是特定时代的产物,昂格尔的法律变迁理论作为昂格尔思想的组成部分与美国批判法学产生的社会背景是分不开的。再加上昂格尔自身的经历使他对巴西和美国的自由主义社会有着深刻地思考,可以说,他的理论是对自由主义社会的深刻透析。同时,他的理论有两个重要的思想渊源:马克斯·韦伯的法律思想;美国土生土长的现实主义法学。第三章是论文的主体部分,介绍昂格尔法律变迁理论的核心观点。昂格尔的法律变迁理论立足于四个理论预设:社会批判理论、社会形态与法律类型、比较法律文化理论、法律的多元性。进而,他根据世界范围内法律制度发展的趋势,提出法律变迁的过程:部落社会的习惯法→贵族社会的官僚法→自由主义社会的法律秩序→后自由主义社会的法治解体。这一变迁的过程展现了各种社会形态下对法律所要求的方式。并且,昂格尔强调法律是对人类社会不同历史阶段社会秩序危机的回应,法律与社会之间是互动的。最后落脚于论证自由主义的法治会随着资本主义社会形态的变化而发生本质的改变,即法治的解体。第四章是对论文主体部分的补充,比较昂格尔法律变迁理论与相关的法律发展理论,从而进一步深刻理解昂格尔法律变迁理论的价值。首先是韦伯、庞德、伯克利学派的法律发展理论与昂格尔法律变迁理论的比较,涉及到法律概念、法律类型的模式、法律变迁的评价标准、法治四个方面的比较。其次是对马克思的法律发展理论与昂格尔法律变迁理论的比较。第五章是理论结合实践部分,对昂格尔的法律变迁理论进行评价并分析对中国法治建设的借鉴之处。评价部分包括两方面,一个方面是对昂格尔法律变迁理论的学术贡献作分析,另一方面是对昂格尔的法律变迁理论所遇到的理论困境作分析。其次根据昂格尔法律变迁理论分析、反思中国的法治建设。
[Abstract]:Chinese contemporary society is in transformation period, especially the legal system changes change to become distinctive character. The legal vicissitude is a holistic concept, including the concept of law, rules, principles, system structure and system level phenomena and changes in the value idea, the spirit essence of the social transformation. There is a from the Perspective of society and further from a sociological perspective, tendency analysis of law. Thus, the relationship between the concern of Sociology of law is an important topic of law and society and interaction will become ten important points, not only helps to explore some rules of the law change, but the rule of law in China is of great significance.
Sociology of law in many works in the modern society, the law > Unger "has been widespread and profound scholars to study. He was the reason why the law recognized as the critical legal studies movement leader, is a critique of the tradition of western liberalism law, liberalism and the rule of law is only a false myth; most scholars in China also committed to criticism of his legal thoughts and legal construction of China reference value, but for the theoretical study of the legal changes rarely involved. This paper summarizes the theory to change the law Unger hidden in the works, put forward the general theories of the law in the process of changing from the development of customary law in tribal society bureaucratic method for the aristocracy, and then change the legal order as a liberal society, the disintegration of further development to the post liberal social and legal order; focus on From the perspective of interaction between social organizations and social consciousness, we analyze the corresponding legal characteristics. It involves Unger's unique understanding of the concept of law, the type of law, the standard of legal evaluation, and the rule of law.
This article is divided into five chapters, with a total of forty thousand words.
The first chapter is the introduction of the paper. It simply introduces the background and significance of choosing the study of ang Geer's theory of legal change, and the current situation and the key points and difficulties in the study of ang Geer thought at home and abroad.
The second chapter introduces the problems of legal changes Unger theory, this part is laying as the main part of this paper is further elaborated. The theory is the result of a specific era, the theory of legal changes Unger Unger as part of the thought of the United States criticized the social background of law are inseparable. Plus ang koal own experience makes him a liberal society of Brazil and the United States have deep thoughts, it can be said that his theory is profound dialysis of liberal society. At the same time, his theory has two important ideological origins: the legal thought of Ma Kors Webb; legal realism was born in the United States.
The third chapter is the main part of the thesis, the core point to change the law Unger theory. The theory of legal changes Unger based on the four default theory: social criticism theory, social and legal types, theory of comparative legal culture, legal pluralism. Furthermore, he according to the development of the legal system in the world trend. This process of legal change: tribal society, customary law, aristocratic society, bureaucratic law liberal social legal order and liberal rule of law and social disintegration. This process shows the way the legal demand of various social forms. Moreover, Unger stressed that the law is on the order of different social history stage of human society's response to the crisis, is the interaction between law and society. And finally settled on the proof of liberalism of the rule of law will change with the form of capitalist society and the. The change of quality is the disintegration of the rule of law.
The fourth chapter is the supplement to the main part of the thesis, the theory of legal changes and comparison of ang Siegel related legal development theory, so as to further understand the law Unger change theory value. The first is Webb, Pound, comparative theory of legal theory of development and change of the Berkeley School of law Anggeerfa, relates to the legal concept, legal patterns the law, change the evaluation criteria, four aspects of the rule of law. The second is the comparison of Marx's legal theory of development and change the law Unger theory.
The fifth chapter is the combination of theory and practice, the theory of legal changes on Unger's evaluation and analysis of Chinese law construction for reference. The evaluation includes two aspects, one aspect is the analysis of academic contribution to change the law Unger theory, on the other hand is the theoretical difficulties of Unger's theory of legal change for analysis. According to the analysis of Unger law vicissitude theory, the reflection of the rule of law construction Chinese.

【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90

【参考文献】