美国建国初期商业公司授予权的归属与政府权力的划分

发布时间：2018-03-14 01:45

本文选题：商业公司　切入点：联邦制　出处：《史学月刊》2014年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：美国建国初期,绝大多数商业公司都由各州议会颁发特许状建立。不过,每当有人提议由国会授权建立商业公司时,都会引发争论和反对。反对者提出,国会没有被赋予建立商业公司的权力。建国精英对商业公司授予权归属的立场,在一定程度上反映了他们对于中央政府与各州政府权力范畴上的态度。特别是制宪会议之后,虽然联邦权威得到了加强,但宪法并没有在联邦与各州的权力上划定明确界限,联邦与各州在权力上不断博弈。在博弈中,各自权力的范畴,在于政治精英在面对具体问题时对公共利益的理解,以及对各种利益关系的衡量。
[Abstract]:In the early days of the founding of the United States, the vast majority of commercial companies were established by charters issued by state legislatures. However, whenever a proposal was made to establish a commercial company by Congress, there were arguments and objections. Congress was not given the power to set up commercial companies. The position of the founding elite on the attribution of the right to grant business companies reflected, in part, their attitude towards the central and state governments, especially after the Constituent Assembly. Although the authority of the Federation has been strengthened, the Constitution does not draw a clear line between the powers of the Federation and the states, in which there is a constant game of power between the federations and the states. It lies in the political elite's understanding of the public interest in the face of specific problems, as well as the measurement of various interests.
【作者单位】：南开大学世界近现代史研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目“美国早期政治文化的演变研究”(12ASS001) 教育部人文社科青年基金项目“美国建国初期商业公司的演变与政治文化的互动研究”(12YJC770011) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“美国建国初期关于商业公司的争论及其意义”(NKZXB1437)
【分类号】：D971.2;K712

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