法律定义条款研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 00:15

本文选题：法律定义条款　切入点：现状梳理　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：定义条款是不少法律中不可缺少的一部分,它们界定词语的含义,把模糊和难以理解的概念解释清楚。正确地对法律概念进行定义以及用规范的语言将所界定的内容表述出来不仅影响到我们对法律的理解,还关乎法律适用的准确性,对此进行研究是必须的。本文的研究目的有两个,一是梳理我国法律定义条款的现状,尽可能全面的介绍定义条款在法律中运用的情况;二是对定义条款的规范进行初步的研究,指出法律定义条款存在的问题并提出相关的改善建议。本文结构包括绪论、主体四章、结语及附录,在绪论部分,介绍了现有与法律定义条款相关的研究和本文运用的研究方法,阐明了本文的研究对象与创新之处。现有文献对法律定义的规则、方法、结构研究较多,但对法律定义条款的规范和制定规则研究较少。这正是本文研究的缘起。第一章“法律定义条款概述”,阐述了法律定义条款的概念、性质、作用以及规范化问题。本章从法律定义的含义出发,说明司法实践中对法律概念含义的理解与审判的关系,从而指出法律定义条款的重要性;法律定义条款是不完全性法条需要结合其他法条才能得到适用;法律定义条款的功能主要有三个:明确法律概念的内涵和外延、确定法律的适用领域以及简化法律文本。定义条款的规范化问题是规范性文件起草者予以关注的一个问题。第二章“我国法律定义条款的现状梳理”。主要从分布位置、表述方式、定义对象和特点等分析我国法律定义条款的一些现状,指出我国法律定义条款的位置分布在总则、正文和附则,定义条款的表述方式有很多种,定义的对象主要有两种,我国法律定义和日常定义相比的独特性。第三章“我国法律定义条款存在问题分析”。针对当前我国法律定义条款中存在的一些语言与逻辑等方面的问题进行了阐述,指出了3大问题,分别是:定义条款起草技术的欠缺、表述方式不规范、违反定义规则。这些问题的解决不是随心所欲,立法是一件非常严肃的国家大事,法律是用来作为每个公民的行为规范的,法的语言也要符合基本的规范。第四章“法律定义条款的制定与完善”。本文的最后一章谈论了定义条款的制定规则与完善,在设置时要考虑到有无必要对某个词下定义,所给出的定义是否明确可供操作等原则性的规则,也要注意一些技术方面的制定规则,同时我们还列出了对定义条款进行立法技术规制应包括的几个方面的建议。最后本文总结了本项研究成果,对未来的研究进行了展望,指出了现阶段研究的不足以及后续可能的研究方向,并附录了一些有关定义条款立法规范的文件。
[Abstract]:Definition clauses are an integral part of many laws that define the meaning of words, To define concepts that are vague and difficult to understand. To define legal concepts correctly and to express them in normative language affects not only our understanding of the law, but also the accuracy of its application. There are two purposes of this study. One is to sort out the current situation of the legal definition clause in our country and to introduce the application of the definition clause in the law as comprehensively as possible. The second is to carry on the preliminary research to the standard of the definition clause, point out the problems existing in the legal definition clause, and put forward the related improvement suggestion. The structure of this paper includes the introduction, the main body four chapters, the conclusion and the appendix. In the introduction part, it introduces the existing research related to the legal definition clause and the research methods used in this paper. This paper clarifies the research object and innovation of this paper. There are many researches on the rules, methods and structures of legal definition in the existing literature, but there are few studies on the norms and rules of legal definition clauses. This is exactly the origin of this study. The first chapter, "Overview of the legal definition clause", expounds the concept, nature, function and standardization of the legal definition clause. From the meaning of the legal definition, this chapter explains the relationship between the understanding of the meaning of the legal definition and the trial in the judicial practice. Thus, it points out the importance of the legal definition clause, the incomplete legal provisions and the combination of other legal provisions in order to be applied. The functions of the legal definition clauses are mainly three: to clarify the connotation and extension of the legal concept. It is a concern of the drafters of normative documents to determine the applicable areas of law and to simplify the legal texts. The second chapter, "the present situation of the legal definition clause in our country", mainly analyzes the present situation of the legal definition clause in our country from the distribution position, the expression way, the definition object and the characteristic, and points out that the position of the legal definition clause of our country is distributed in the general principle. There are many ways to express the definition clause in the main text and supplementary provisions, and there are two main objects of definition, the uniqueness of the legal definition and the daily definition in our country. The third chapter is "Analysis of the existing problems of the legal definition clause in our country". Some problems in language and logic in the current legal definition clause of our country are expounded, and three major problems are pointed out. They are: the lack of technical skills in drafting the definition clause, the non-standard formulation, and the violation of the definition rules. The solution to these problems is not arbitrary. Legislation is a very serious matter of state. The law is used as a standard of conduct for every citizen, and the language of law must conform to the basic norms. Chapter 4th, "formulation and perfection of legal Definitions". The last chapter of this paper discusses the rules and consummation of the definition clauses, and should consider whether it is necessary to define a certain word when setting up. Whether the definition is clear or not, we should pay attention to some technical rules. At the same time, we also put forward some suggestions for the legislative technical regulation of the definition clause. Finally, this paper summarizes the results of this study, looks forward to the future research, points out the shortcomings of the present research and the possible future research directions, and appends some documents concerning the legislative norms of the definition clauses.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

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