沈新南夫妇诉刘金法夫妇冷冻胚胎“继承”案评析

发布时间：2018-03-19 02:12

本文选题：冷冻胚胎　切入点：“继承”　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科技的发展,人们思想观念的逐渐改变,辅助生殖技术逐渐走入人们的视线,但紧随的纠纷也逐渐出现。面对法律的空白,法律实务界、学术界都掀起了激烈的讨论,尤其是对于冷冻胚胎技术,因为其应用的广泛性备受各界关注。冷冻胚胎的法律属性问题、无主冷冻胚胎的真正享有者问题、冷冻胚胎能否被继承等都成为目前法律学界热衷于探讨的问题,但鉴于目前我国法律对此方面未有明确规定,不同学者对此有不同看法。2014年十大最具影响力案件之一,宜兴市冷冻胚胎“继承”案将人们的视线带入辅助生殖技术领域,本案主要有三个争议焦点：第一、冷冻胚胎的法律属性；第二、此案涉及的冷冻胚胎被“继承”是否合法；第三、此案涉及的冷冻胚胎被“继承”是否合理。针对这些争议焦点,通过对案情分析,得到如下结论：首先,为了更好的保护和尊重冷冻胚胎,应将其法律属性定义为适用于一种中间状态的规定,而既不适用于对人的规定,也不适用于对物的规定。其次,冷冻胚胎被“继承”具有合法性,因为该案所涉及的冷冻胚胎既有物的属性,又具有独立的人格利益,无论是从物,还是从人格利益方面来看,“继承”都具有合法性,当然可以作为遗产被其相关权利人所“继承”。再次,冷冻胚胎被“继承”具有合理性,该案中所涉及的四枚冷冻胚胎凝聚了四位老人失去孩子以后的希望,是“失独”家庭的传承期盼,是老人们的哀思寄托,四位老人当然是胚胎人格利益的“继承”者,由四位老人“继承”具有合理性。最后,大胆提出冷冻胚胎收养制度的构想,力求我们国家尽快完善法律,加快法制建设的进程。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the gradual change of people's ideas and concepts, assisted reproduction technology has gradually come into people's sight, but the following disputes have also appeared. Facing the blank of law, the legal practice circle, the academic circles have all set off intense discussion. Especially with regard to frozen embryo technology, because of the wide range of its applications, there is much concern. The legal nature of frozen embryos, the problem of the real owners of frozen embryos, Whether frozen embryos can be inherited has become a hot topic in legal circles. However, since there is no clear regulation on this aspect in Chinese law at present, different scholars have different opinions on it. In 2014, one of the ten most influential cases, The case of "inheritance" of frozen embryos in Yixing City brings people's attention to the field of assisted reproductive technology. There are three main controversial points in this case: first, the legal attributes of frozen embryos; second, whether the frozen embryos involved in this case are legally inherited; Third, is it reasonable to have frozen embryos "inherited" in this case. In view of these controversies, through the analysis of the case, the following conclusions can be drawn: first, in order to better protect and respect frozen embryos, Its legal attributes should be defined as the provisions applicable to an intermediate state and not to the provisions on persons or objects. Secondly, the "inheritance" of frozen embryos is legitimate, Because the frozen embryos involved in this case have both the property of the object and the independent personality interest, both from the point of view of the object and from the point of view of the personal interest, "inheritance" has the legitimacy. Of course, it can be "inherited" as an inheritance by the relevant right holder. Thirdly, it is reasonable to have frozen embryos "inherited". The four frozen embryos involved in this case have condensed the hope of four old people after they lose their children. It is the hope of the "lost independence" family and the mourning of the elderly. Of course, the four old people are "inheritors" of the interests of the embryo personality, and it is reasonable to "inherit" by the four old people. Finally, boldly put forward the idea of freezing embryo adoption system. Strive to our country as soon as possible perfect the law, quicken the process of legal system construction.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923;D920.5

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