美国问责的探源与解析

发布时间：2018-04-02 20:36

本文选题：美国问责　切入点：起源　出处：《比较法研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：美国联邦政府层面的问责从兴起到发展,呈现出了别具本土特色的轨迹和特征。美国问责机制的发展并非概念化问责的结果,而是为了应对实践中不断发生的一次又一次的政权合法性危机。新的问责机制总是在克服旧机制在回应民众所需方面不足的基础上自然而然地产生,而旧的问责机制依然存在。传统公共管理框架下典型的单一式等级式问责已经向多元化、多视角的网状问责模式转变,这种交叉重叠的关系对于促成问责体系内不同问责机制之间的监督和制衡无疑具有决定性作用。对于问责概念的把握,应当特别注意问责在美国所具有的民主性、控权性,以及问责所承载的人民期待之特性。
[Abstract]:From the rise to the development of the federal government accountability in the United States presents a unique locale and characteristics.The development of accountability mechanism in the United States is not the result of conceptualization of accountability, but to deal with the repeated crisis of legitimacy of power in practice.New accountability mechanisms always come into being naturally on the basis of overcoming the shortcomings of the old mechanisms in responding to the needs of the people, while the old ones still exist.Under the traditional public management framework, the typical single-type hierarchical accountability has changed to a diversified, multi-perspective network accountability model.This kind of overlapping relationship plays a decisive role in promoting the supervision and balance between different accountability mechanisms in the accountability system.To grasp the concept of accountability, special attention should be paid to the democratic, controlling, and the people's expectations of accountability in the United States.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学法治政府研究院;
【基金】：北京市科学研究与科研基地建设项目“行政问责立法研究”的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D971.2;DD911

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