法国新债法统一返还规范研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 10:10

本文选题：法国新债法　切入点：返还　引自：《河南社会科学》2017年02期

【摘要】：法国债法改革在民法典中新设"返还"单元,就债法领域内设立了体系化的返还统一规则,不仅适用于非债清偿返还、不当得利返还,也适用于合同无效、解除等引发的返还问题。新体系依据返还客体的类型(物、金钱、服务给付)进行构建。原则上,就金钱以外的物,应按实物返还;在实物返还不能的情况下,按返还之日的价值返还;服务给付依照提供服务之日的价值返还。不论善意或恶意,从属部分(利息、孳息、收益)均应予以返还。收益以宣判之日的价值返还;孳息如不能依照实物予以返还,原则上应依据债务清偿之日物之状态、按照偿还之日评估的价值予以返还。善意或恶意对标的物灭失、毁损、出让情况下的返还计算以及对返还从属部分的计算起点等有重要的影响。另就非债清偿、不当得利领域内的返还,《法国民法典》还设有个别特殊规范。
[Abstract]:The reform of French debt law has set up a new unit of "return" in the civil code, and has set up systematic uniform rules of return in the field of debt law, which is not only applicable to the non-debt repayment, improper profit-making return, but also applicable to the invalidity of the contract.Remove a return problem, etc.The new system is based on the types of objects returned (things, money, service payments).In principle, things other than money shall be returned in kind; in cases where such return is not possible, at the value of the date of return; and in the case of payment of services, at the value of the date on which the service was provided.The subordinate parts (interest, fruits, proceeds) shall be returned, whether in good faith or malice.The proceeds shall be returned at the date of the judgment; if the fruits cannot be returned in kind, they shall in principle be returned in accordance with the status of the thing on the date of payment of the debt and the value assessed on the date of repayment.Good faith or malice has an important influence on the subject matter loss, damage, return calculation in the case of transfer, and the calculation starting point of returning subordinate parts.In addition, the French Civil Code also has some special norms in the field of non-debt repayment and improper enrichment.
【作者单位】：复旦大学法学院;
【基金】：2016年国家社会科学基金一般项目(16BFX104)
【分类号】：D956.5;DD913

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