授权立法监督机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 22:35

本文选题：授权立法 + 监督主体　；参考：《广东财经大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：授权立法是社会化大生产和政府权力加强的产物,以1834年英国《济贫法》的出现为标志,到现在也不过一百多年的时间,却已经成为大多数国家法律体系的重要组成部分。授权立法从产生就备受争议,因为它客观上突破了三权分立的立法权专属于立法机关的原则、增强了行政权力而威胁到公民的基本权利,对传统宪政制度造成了冲击。在这种情势下,如何授权立法进行监督就显得尤为重要。我国授权立法也经历了长期的实践,但是在实践中对授权立法并未得到有效的监督,2000年颁布的《立法法》正式以法条的形式确立了授权立法监督制度而2015年新修订的《立法法》新增加关于对授权立法监督的规定也是对授权立法监督制度进行了完善。现阶段我国授权立法监督的主体包括:人大及其常委会、国务院,监督的方式包括:备案审查、人大裁决和批准,监督的标准包括实质性审查标准和程序性审查标准。《立法法》虽然对授权立法的监督体系进行了构建,但我国授权立法监督制度仍然存在着诸多问题,对于监督主体:人大及其常委会非专门性和单一的授权主体固有的缺陷,国务院内部审查缺乏真正的制约。对于监督方式:备案审查缺乏对实质审查只是单纯的备案,法规裁决制度申请主体范围较小未能起作用,对授权立法批准制度并未真正建立起来。对于审查标准:在实质性审查中,授权期限仍然较长、授权范围仍然较大,授权程序公开和公众参与不足。对我国授权立法监督的现状分析和提出问题后,对存在的问题提出完善建议,对于监督主体:在全国人大常委会内部设立对授权立法监督的专门委员会、建立对授权立法监督的司法审查制度和完善国务院的内部监督机制,对于监督方式:完善备案审查制度,扩大法规裁决的申请主体范围,以法条形式规定对授权立法的批准制度,对于监督标准:在实质性审查中对授权范围再进行限制、在程序性审查中完善信息公开和公众参与制度。
[Abstract]:The enabling legislation is the product of socialized production and the strengthening of government power. It is marked by the appearance of the British Poverty Relief Act in 1834, but it has become an important part of the legal system of most countries only for more than a hundred years now.Authorization legislation has been controversial since it has objectively broken through the principle that the legislative power of the separation of three powers belongs to the legislature, strengthened the executive power and threatened the basic rights of the citizens, and caused an impact on the traditional constitutional system.In this situation, how to authorize legislation to supervise is particularly important.China's enabling legislation has also gone through a long period of practice,However, in practice, the enabling legislation has not been effectively supervised. The Legislative Law promulgated in 2000 formally established the supervision system of the enabling legislation in the form of articles of law. In 2015, the newly amended legislation Law added a new law on the enactment of authorizations.The regulation of legal supervision also consummates the supervision system of authorized legislation.At the present stage, the main bodies of China's authorized legislative supervision include: the people's Congress and its standing Committee, the State Council, and the methods of supervision include: record keeping, examination, people's Congress ruling and approval,The standards of supervision include substantive and procedural standards. Although the supervision system of enabling legislation has been constructed, there are still many problems in the supervision system of authorized legislation in our country.The internal examination of the State Council lacks real restriction on the inherent defects of the supervisory subject: the non-specialized and single authorized subject of the NPC and its standing Committee.For the supervision mode: the lack of the substantive examination of the record examination is only a simple record, the scope of the application subject of the regulation adjudication system is small, and the system of authorizing legislation approval has not really been established.For the review criteria: in the substantive review, the period of authorization is still long, the scope of authorization is still large, the authorization process is open and the public participation is insufficient.After analyzing the current situation of the supervision of authorized legislation in our country and putting forward some questions, the author puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of the existing problems. As for the main body of supervision: the establishment of a special committee on the supervision of authorized legislation within the standing Committee of the National people's Congress,To establish a judicial review system for the supervision of authorized legislation and to perfect the internal supervisory mechanism of the State Council, as to the ways of supervision: to perfect the system of filing and examination, to expand the scope of the subject of application for the ruling of laws and regulations,In the form of articles of law, the approval system of authorization legislation is stipulated, and the supervision standard is: the scope of authorization is restricted in the substantive review, and the system of information disclosure and public participation is perfected in the procedural review.
【学位授予单位】：广东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D920.0

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