美国《情报人员身份保护法》研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 13:21

本文选题：美国政治 + 法律　；参考：《美国研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：美国《情报人员身份保护法》于1982年出台,旨在管控美国报刊杂志与新闻媒体等大众传媒机构对国内外情报人员身份的泄密行为。一方面,《情报人员身份保护法》的出台有效地控制了喧嚣一时的泄密行为,保障了情报人员的人身安全,捍卫了美国国家利益;另一方面,该法案对未授权信息泄露的管控使得记者等"公众喉舌"无法有效行使其"第四种权力",这在某种程度上破坏了《美国宪法》第一修正案中"言论自由"的原则。可以说,《情报人员身份保护法》是美国在安全与自由之间寻求平衡点的一次尝试。对该法律的研究有助于理解"民主、自由"与"国家安全"间的矛盾。
[Abstract]:The American Law on the Protection of the identity of Intelligence officers was issued in 1982 to regulate the disclosure of the identity of intelligence personnel at home and abroad by mass media organizations such as American newspapers, magazines and news media.On the one hand, the introduction of the Law on the Protection of the identity of Intelligence personnel has effectively controlled the noisy leak of secrets, protected the personal safety of intelligence personnel and defended the national interests of the United States; on the other hand,The act's control of unauthorized disclosure of information prevents "public mouthpieces" such as journalists from effectively exercising their "fourth power," in a way undermining the principle of "freedom of speech" in the first Amendment to the United States Constitution.It can be said that the Intelligence Protection Act is an attempt by the United States to strike a balance between security and freedom.The study of the law helps to understand the contradiction between democracy, freedom and national security.
【作者单位】：浙江大学世界史所;
【分类号】：D971.2;DD911

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