唐宋时期化外人的相关法律研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 17:02

本文选题：唐宋 + 化外人之法律　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：唐宋时期是中国封建社会的繁荣时期,也是对外交往最为活跃的时期。唐朝以其繁盛的政治、经济、文化,辅之以政府开放包容的政策,引来了化外人的来华朝贡；到了宋朝,经济文化空前繁荣,政府对化外人实行的鼓励政策,进一步吸引了大量的化外人来华朝贡、经商、学习,甚至居住在中国。对于这些在华生活的化外人,唐宋政府制定了相关的制度及法律,并设置了专门机构负责管理。这造就了唐宋时期对外交往的繁盛局面。本文主要从以下几个方面进行探讨：首先,探讨了唐宋时期化外人的相关法律,进而分析当时化外人在唐宋时代的生活以及法律地位。这主要从民事法律和经济法律两方面来探讨。其中民事法律包括居住权、教育权、政治权、婚姻权、财产及财产继承权、宗教权、诉讼权等；经济法律主要从贸易法这一角度进行分析。同时,从法律角度探究当时唐宋时期的社会以及政府的对外政策。其次,对唐宋政府针对化外人制定的法律进行了比较分析,凸显了唐宋时期化外人相关法律的特点,如唐宋政府对涉外法律基本原则的灵活运用、唐宋时期政府对朝贡贸易与市舶贸易的侧重、唐宋时期礼与法的关系、唐宋时期化外人相关法律的宽松比较、唐宋时期人们华夷观念的不同等,这些都是唐宋政府对外方面的不同之处。不管是思想方面还是行动上,都反映唐宋社会的转型以及这一转型对于政府外交政策的影响。最后,“以史为鉴”,探讨唐宋时期化外人相关法律所产生的影响。第一,唐宋时期涉及化外人的相关法律对于周边国家制定针对外来人政策和法律有重大的指导意义。以日本尤为典刑,通过对比当时唐日政府对化外人的管理以及所制定的法令进行探讨。主要从对外政治和经济两个方面来看,如日本外交礼仪以及政府对外来人的处理方式、方法上,基本上依据唐律；经济上,政府对来日贸易的外来人所制定的一些法律法规等,也与唐宋如出一辙,甚至连涉外机构也是以唐宋为蓝本；外交方面更是如此,日本型的“华夷秩序”就是中国华夷秩序在日本的变异。可见,唐宋朝的律令制对于日本以及东亚的影响大,这也反映出当时东亚文化圈的繁荣。同时,这对明清政府制定对外法律具有重大指导意义,如明清政府鉴于前代之失,在处理化外人的纠纷上完全运用属地法的原则,强调了中国对司法权的主权原则。此外,这对于当今法制社会,尤其是随着全球一体化的形成,中国在不知不觉中已经卷入了世界这一整体的漩涡中的背景下,探讨唐宋王朝对于化外人的法律规定显得尤为必要,也可为当今中国在国际事务或者处理涉外纠纷过程中提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:The Tang and Song dynasties were the prosperous period of Chinese feudal society and the most active period of external communication.The Tang Dynasty, with its flourishing politics, economy, and culture, accompanied by the government's policy of openness and tolerance, attracted tributes from outsiders to China. By the Song Dynasty, the economy and culture had never been more prosperous, and the government had adopted a policy of encouraging outsiders.Further attracted a large number of outsiders to pay tribute to China, business, study, and even live in China.For these outsiders living in China, the Tang and Song governments formulated relevant systems and laws, and set up special institutions to manage them.This created the Tang and Song dynasties foreign exchanges prosperous situation.This paper mainly discusses the following aspects: first, it discusses the relevant laws of the Tang and Song dynasties, and then analyzes the life and legal status of the outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties.This is mainly from the two aspects of civil law and economic law.The civil law includes the right of residence, the right of education, the right of politics, the right of marriage, the right of inheritance of property and property, the right of religion, the right of litigation, etc. The economic law is mainly analyzed from the angle of trade law.At the same time, from the legal point of view, the Tang and Song dynasties, as well as the social and government foreign policy.Secondly, the author makes a comparative analysis of the laws made by the Tang and Song governments against foreigners, which highlights the characteristics of the relevant laws concerning the outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties, such as the flexible application of the basic principles of the foreign-related laws by the Tang and Song governments.The emphasis of the government on tributary trade and ship trade in Tang and Song dynasties, the relationship between ritual and law in Tang and Song dynasties, the lenient comparison of laws related to outsiders in Tang and Song dynasties, and the different ideas of Chinese and foreigners in Tang and Song dynasties.These are the differences between the Tang and Song governments.Both in thought and in action, it reflects the transformation of Tang and Song society and its influence on the government's foreign policy.Finally, taking history as a mirror, this paper discusses the influence of the relevant laws in the Tang and Song dynasties.First, the relevant laws concerning outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties have great guiding significance for the neighboring countries to formulate policies and laws for outsiders.By comparing the administration of the Tang government and the laws and decrees made by the government of Tang Dynasty.Mainly from the two aspects of foreign politics and economy, such as the Japanese diplomatic etiquette and the way the government deals with foreigners, the methods are basically based on the Tang Law; economically, some laws and regulations formulated by the government for the foreigners in the coming trade with Japan, and so on.It is the same as the Tang and Song dynasties, and even the foreign organizations are based on the Tang and Song dynasties, especially in the diplomatic field. The Japanese style of "Hua Yi order" is the variation of China's Chinese and Yi order in Japan.It can be seen that the Tang and Song dynasties had a great influence on Japan and East Asia, which also reflected the prosperity of the East Asian cultural circle at that time.At the same time, it has great guiding significance for the Ming and Qing governments to make foreign laws. For example, the Ming and Qing governments, in view of the loss of the previous generation, fully applied the principle of territorial law in dealing with disputes concerning outsiders, and emphasized the principle of China's sovereignty over judicial power.In addition, this is in the context of today's legal society, especially with the formation of global integration, China has unconsciously been involved in the whirlpool of the world as a whole.It is particularly necessary to discuss the legal provisions of Tang and Song dynasties for the outsiders, which can also be used as a reference for China in the course of international affairs or handling disputes concerning foreign affairs.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929

【参考文献】