市场经济体制下公法对私法的干预

发布时间：2018-05-03 12:17

本文选题：公法 + 私法　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国一直坚定不移的实行社会主义市场经济体制,市场经济经过几个世纪的发展、完善,已经被当今的发达国家证明是促进经济发展的有效制度,但是,市场经济本身也存在着缺陷,比如市场对资源的配置是间接地,有时也会存在滞后性,这些缺陷就会造成资源的浪费,因此,在发展市场经济的同时,我们也不能忽视国家层面的宏观调控,在遵循社会经济发展规律的同时,利用国家这只“有形之手”,对社会经济进行调控和指导,排除种种不利因素,唯此,才能够保障社会经济的健康稳定发展。但是要达到这样的目的,就必须要有一种保障的机制,这种机制是能够直接对社会活动施加影响的,这种机制就是公法。诚然,现代社会的发展是离不开私法的,但是私法的终极作用在于它只是为现代市场经济提供了一般的行为规范和活动守则,其对经济运行施加的影响是消极的。这主要体现在两个方面:首先,对于私人的经济活动,私法无法直接进行引导。私法强调的是意思自治,并不会主动的干预私主体的经济活动,私法所要求的只是不违反社会公共利益,而并不要求去主动地维护它。其次,在调整方法上,私法的内容大部分都是任意性规范,而任意性规范最大的特点就是可选择性,私主体完全可以根据自身的需要选择性的适用其中的一些,对于那些不需要的,则完全可以忽略甚至排除。从这一点上来看,就导致了私法无法对社会经济发展进行直接的调控,要想防止私法的上述弊端,我们就必须要超越私法的界限。针对本题目,目前我国学者的研究重点主要集中在公法与私法的划分问题上,对于公法对私法的干预制度研究较少,同时,大部分学者的研究都停留在法理学层面,和市场经济有关的研究也比较少,王继军教授的《公法与私法的现代诠释》结合了市场经济对我国的公法和私法的划分以及良性互动进行了探讨,但是只是在公法与私法的良性互动上进行了宏观讨论,对于公法如何具体的对私法进行干预并无进一步的研究。综上所述,对于这一问题目前研究的成果较少,本文旨在通过结合市场经济的发展状况分析公法的作用与私法的弊端,同时对公法应如何具体的干预私法进行探讨,以得出一个适当可行的方案,从而实现公法的价值。本文拟通过收集大量关于这一问题的研究资料,以此为基础,结合之前的研究,对公法干预私法的必要性、条件、原则以及限度提出自己的观点。并采用如下的方法来进行分析:历史分析法,探寻公法发展和理论现实背景,用历史的视角来分析公法干预私法的初衷、价值等;比较分析法,通过对公法干预私法问题的研究进行比较整理,找寻各国对这一问题的共同观点和差异原因;文献资料法,对所阅读的资料进行归纳总结,分析各种观点的优劣,得出自己的观点。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, our country has been unswervingly implementing the socialist market economic system. After several centuries of development and improvement, the market economy has been proved by the developed countries today to be an effective system for promoting economic development. However, The market economy itself also has defects. For example, the allocation of resources in the market is indirect and sometimes lagged. These defects will lead to the waste of resources. Therefore, while developing the market economy, Nor can we ignore the macro-control at the national level. While following the laws of social and economic development, we should make use of the "visible hand" of the state to regulate and guide the social economy and eliminate all kinds of unfavorable factors. Only then can safeguard the social economy the healthy and stable development. But in order to achieve this goal, there must be a kind of safeguard mechanism, which can exert direct influence on social activities, and this kind of mechanism is public law. It is true that the development of modern society is inseparable from private law, but the ultimate function of private law is that it only provides general codes of conduct and codes of conduct for the modern market economy, and its influence on economic operation is negative. This is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, private law can not direct the guidance of private economic activities. Private law emphasizes autonomy of will and does not actively interfere with the economic activities of private subjects. What private law requires is that it does not violate the social and public interests, but does not require to actively protect it. Secondly, in terms of adjustment methods, most of the contents of private law are arbitrariness norms, and the most important feature of arbitrariness norms is that they are optional, and some of them can be selectively applied by private subjects according to their own needs. For those who do not need, it can be completely ignored or even excluded. From this point of view, private law can not directly control the social and economic development, in order to prevent the drawbacks of private law, we must go beyond the boundaries of private law. In view of this topic, the current research focus of Chinese scholars is mainly on the division between public law and private law, and there is little research on the interference system of public law and private law. At the same time, most of the scholars' studies remain at the level of jurisprudence. There are few studies related to the market economy. Professor Wang Jijun's Modern interpretation of Public Law and Private Law combines the market economy with the division of public law and private law and the benign interaction between them. But it only carries on the macroscopic discussion on the benign interaction between the public law and the private law, and there is no further research on how the public law specifically interferes with the private law. To sum up, there are few research results on this issue. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of public law and the malpractice of private law by combining the development of market economy, and at the same time, to discuss how public law should intervene in private law concretely. In order to come up with an appropriate and feasible scheme to realize the value of public law. This paper intends to collect a large number of research data on this issue, on the basis of previous research, on the necessity, conditions, principles and limits of public law intervention in private law put forward their own views. And use the following methods to analyze: historical analysis, explore the development of public law and theoretical background, with a historical perspective to analyze the original intention of public law intervention in private law, value, etc. Through the comparative study of public law intervention in private law, to find out the common views and differences of various countries on this issue, the literature method, to summarize the reading materials, to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various views, Come up with your own point of view.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】