哈特的司法解释理论研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 23:38

本文选题：法律规则 + 司法解释　；参考：《海南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国人哈特(Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart,1907年-1992年),是20世纪著名的法学家之一,他是新分析实证主义法学的开创者。1961年,哈特发表了著名的《法律的概念》一书,该书被视作是新分析实证主义法学产生的标志哈特在该书中批判性地继承了奥斯丁的“法律命令说”,成功地引入日常语言哲学,从一个全新的角度对法律的“概念”进行阐述和梳理,建立了哈特式的法律规则体系。本文在此基础上引入了语言学理论,从语言表达的局限性进一步阐述哈特司法解释理论的渊源。基于语言本身固有的模糊性,法律规则具有“开放结构”,即规则都有模糊的边缘,由此导致了提供法律标准的承认规则的不确定性。司法理论中,对于规则确定性的问题,分为形式主义法学和规则怀疑论两种不同的理论,哈特批判了形式主义法学和规则怀疑论,并且针对这两种理论,分别提出了“空缺结构”与“核心地带”的概念,阐述了自己的司法解释理论。哈特的司法解释理论激发了不同哲学背景的法律理论之间的论战,其中最有力的挑战者就是德沃金。德沃金作为新时期的自然法学派的领军人物,对哈特的理论进行了批判,哈特在回应德沃金的同时丰富完善了他的司法解释理论,并对西方法学产生了广泛的影响。我国对哈特思想的研究起步得比较晚,目前国内对哈特思想的研究主要集中在“法律规则说”,对其司法解释理论的研究可谓凤毛麟角,因此本文选取哈特思想中的司法解释理论,从其渊源、内容及对西方法学的影响三方面进行论证,以期能对哈特司法解释理论的研究尽一份绵薄之力。在我国的法治建设中,法律的确定性是基础,它要求法律语言必须精确严密,由于法律实践的复杂,法律语言的模糊性难以避免。研究哈特的司法解释理论,对实现法律语言的精确性,捍卫法律的确定性有一定的启示意义。
[Abstract]:Harbert Lionel Adolphus Hart, an Englishman from 1907 to 1992, was one of the most famous jurists of the 20th century. He was the pioneer of the new analytical positivism law. In 1961, Hart published the famous concept of Law. The book is regarded as a symbol of the emergence of New Analytical positivism in which Hart critically inherits Austen's "legal commandment" and successfully introduces the philosophy of everyday language. This paper expounds and combs the concept of law from a new angle, and establishes Hart's system of legal rules. On this basis, this paper introduces linguistic theory, and further expounds the origin of Hart's theory of judicial interpretation from the limitation of language expression. Due to the inherent fuzziness of language, legal rules have an "open structure", that is, rules have fuzzy edges, which leads to the uncertainty of recognition rules that provide legal standards. In judicial theory, there are two different theories about the certainty of rules: formalism jurisprudence and rule scepticism. Hart criticizes formalism law and rule scepticism, and aiming at these two theories, The concepts of "vacancy structure" and "core zone" are put forward, and their own theory of judicial interpretation is expounded. Hart's theory of judicial interpretation inspires controversy between legal theories with different philosophical backgrounds, among which Dworkin is the most powerful challenger. Dworkin, as the leader of the natural law school in the new era, criticized Hart's theory. Hart responded to Dworkin by enriching and perfecting his theory of judicial interpretation and exerting a wide influence on western jurisprudence. The research on Hart's thought in our country started relatively late. At present, the research on Hart's thought is mainly focused on the theory of legal rules, and the research on its theory of judicial interpretation is rare. Therefore, this article selects the judicial interpretation theory of Hart's thought, from its origin, the content and the influence to the western law carries on the demonstration, in the hope can contribute to Hart's judicial explanation theory research. In the construction of our country's rule of law, the legal certainty is the foundation, which requires the legal language to be precise and strict. Because of the complexity of the legal practice, it is difficult to avoid the ambiguity of the legal language. The study of Hart's theory of judicial interpretation has certain enlightenment significance for realizing the accuracy of legal language and defending the certainty of law.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D909.1

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