英国海上保险适航制度对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-05-06 20:15

本文选题：适航 + 海上保险　；参考：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从研究英国海上保险法中的船舶适航制度入手，研究英国海上保险法的船舶适航制度的条文文义、立法者目的、条文所依托的历史上的判例、现实中的使用情况以及改革的方向。另一方面，，我国海商法颁布已经近二十年了，在制定我国的海上保险制度的过程中我国的立法者很大程度上参考了英国海上保险法中的规定，但是要真正弄清这种借鉴以及在借鉴过程中所产生的差别的利弊得失，还是需要先重新回到研究被借鉴者本身的利弊得失中去。英国海上保险法1906颁布迄今已经超过一百年，而英国海上保险法1906又并非是起草者的自创，而是十九世纪普通法中相关判例进行归纳总结并法典化的一个过程。因此，这些“古老”的制度需要今天的人们进行一番重新审视并加以一定的改良。本文将分析该制度适用过程中所遇到的问题，并提出一些改良的建议。在行文结构上，本文将首先对适航制度的定义进行简短介绍；而后，本文将分别讨论航次保险的适航保证（warranty）制度（本文将对适航的默示承诺制度的诸多理论依据提出质疑）和定期保险中的船舶适航排除责任（本文将对“蓄意不查明”制度的证明责任和效果倾向提出质疑），并就它们各自存在的问题提出笔者自己的建议；最后，本文将在辨明英国相关法律规定的内容、存在的问题以及未来的发展趋势的基础上，比较我国海上保险中的适航制度和英国海上保险中的适航制度，通过利用之前对英国海上保险法的研究，分析一些微妙差异的利弊得失，并且对中国海上保险法中的船舶适航制度提出改进建议。
[Abstract]:Starting with the study of the ship seaworthiness system in the British Marine Insurance Law, this paper studies the provisions of the ship seaworthiness system of the British Maritime Insurance Law, the purpose of the legislator, and the historical precedents on which the articles are based. The actual use of the situation and the direction of reform. On the other hand, China's maritime law has been promulgated for nearly 20 years. In the process of formulating our marine insurance system, our legislators to a large extent have referred to the provisions of the British Marine Insurance Law. However, in order to really understand the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of reference and the differences in the process of reference, we should first return to the pros and cons of the study of the recipients themselves. It has been more than a hundred years since the British Maritime Insurance Law (1906) was promulgated, and the British Maritime Insurance Law (1906) was not created by the drafters, but was a process of summing up and codifying relevant cases in the common law of the nineteenth century. Therefore, these "ancient" systems need to be reexamined and improved. This paper analyzes the problems encountered in the application of the system and puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In terms of the structure of the text, this paper will first briefly introduce the definition of the seaworthiness system; and then, This paper will discuss respectively the seaworthiness guarantee system of voyage insurance (this paper will question the theoretical basis of the implied commitment system of airworthiness insurance) and the ship seaworthiness exclusion liability in periodic insurance (this article will discuss "deliberately not to investigate"). The burden of proof and the tendency of effect of Ming "system are questioned, and the author's own suggestions on their respective problems are put forward." Finally, on the basis of identifying the contents, existing problems and future development trends of the relevant British laws and regulations, this paper will compare the seaworthiness system in our marine insurance with the seaworthiness system in British marine insurance. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of some subtle differences and puts forward some suggestions for improving the seaworthiness system of ships in China's marine insurance law by using the previous research on the British marine insurance law.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D956.1;D922.294;D922.284

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