论中国古代契约中“沽酒”条款的功用

发布时间：2018-05-20 12:52

本文选题：契约缔结 + 沽酒　；参考：《法制与社会发展》2017年06期

【摘要】：夏商时期,酒是缔结天人之契的必要介质,其在使缔约仪式具有象征意义的同时,兼具权威性。周时,约和盟的缔结凭借酒的仪式性功用,使其在人间契约的缔结中也成了必备品。秦汉时期,国家公权力对契约管理不甚全面,沽酒条款的功用是证明契约的有效性,从而保障了契约的顺利履行。从唐宋时期开始,国家公权力开始加强对契约的管理,沽酒条款从现世契约中消失,转而适用于"买地券"——这种公权力没有触及的虚拟买阴宅契约中,但是"沽酒"作为民事习惯还存在于人间缔结现世契约的仪式上,协助国家公权力证明契约的效力。经过纵向的比较研究发现,沽酒条款的演化过程也是契约神化因素退却,而人文化、制度化加强的过程。
[Abstract]:During the Xia and Shang dynasties, wine was the necessary medium for the conclusion of the contract between heaven and man, which had symbolic significance as well as authority. In the Zhou Dynasty, the conclusion of the covenant and alliance, with the ceremonial function of wine, made it necessary in the conclusion of the human contract. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the state public power was not comprehensive in the management of the contract, and the function of the liquor selling clause was to prove the validity of the contract, thus ensuring the smooth implementation of the contract. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, the state public power began to strengthen the management of the contract, and the terms of selling wine disappeared from the earthly contract, and then applied to the "purchase of land coupons"-this kind of public power did not touch the virtual purchase of Yin House contract. However, as a civil custom, "selling wine" still exists in the ceremony of the earthly contract, helping the state to prove the validity of the contract. Through the longitudinal comparative study, it is found that the evolution process of the terms of selling wine is also the process of renunciation of contract deification factors, and the strengthening of human culture and institutionalization.
【作者单位】：沈阳师范大学法学院;吉林大学古籍研究所;
【基金】：2015年度国家社会科学基金规划项目“古代中国契约法观念与技术研究”(15BFX025) 2015年度中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“汉代契约类文书的整理与研究”(2015M571352)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D929

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