美国专利再审查制度评析

发布时间：2018-05-20 14:59

本文选题：再审查 + 无效宣告制度　；参考：《比较法研究》2014年06期

【摘要】：我国现行专利法在专利权无效判断问题上采取的是专利行政机关享有宣告专利权无效的权限,法院在侵权诉讼中不应就专利权的效力问题进行判断的做法。由于认识到这种绝对行政单轨制的种种问题,具有代表性的改革意见均体现出了崇尚美国专利权无效判断的司法主导制度的倾向。但是,自20世纪80年代起美国通过历次专利法修改,逐渐改变了原有司法主导的单轨制,加强了行政机关在专利权无效判断的权重。显然这一变化与我国学界对于美国专利权无效判断制度的理解大相径庭。特别是2011年美国专利法的修改又进一步确认了加强行政机关专利权无效判断再审查的趋势,值得深省。有必要从制度论上探寻上述发展趋势的来龙去脉,进而对建立与我国专利权有效性判断规范功能相适应的制度有所裨益。
[Abstract]:In the current patent law of our country, the patent administrative organ has the authority to declare the patent right invalid, and the court should not judge the validity of the patent right in the tort lawsuit. In recognition of the various problems of the absolute administrative monorail system, the representative opinions of reform all reflect the tendency of advocating the judicial leading system of invalid judgment of patent right in the United States. However, since the 1980s, the United States has gradually changed the original judicial system of monorail through successive patent law amendments, and strengthened the weight of administrative organs in the judgment of patent invalidation. Obviously, this change is different from the understanding of American patent invalidation system in our country. In particular, the revision of the United States Patent Law in 2011 has further confirmed the trend of strengthening the re-examination of administrative organs' patent invalidation judgment, which is worthy of deep reflection. It is necessary to explore the origin of the above development trend from the perspective of system theory, which will benefit the establishment of a system suitable to the normative function of judging the validity of patent rights in China.
【作者单位】：复旦大学;德国马克思普朗克知识产权研究所;
【基金】：国家留学基金委(留金发(2013)3009号)的资助
【分类号】：D971.2;DD913

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