我国惠农政策与法治衔接的实证分析

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:09

本文选题：惠农政策 + 法治　；参考：《山西大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放初期,“三农”问题曾是“重中之重”。中共中央、国务院在1982年至1986年连续五年发布以农业、农村、农民为主题的中央“一号文件”,对农村的改革、农业的发展、农民权益的保护做出具体部署。这五个中央“一号文件”,在中国“三农”改革史上成为专有名词——“五个一号文件”。时隔18年,从2004年到2010年中共中央、国务院又颁布了七个中央“一号文件”。这十二个中央“一号文件”在对待“三农”问题上各有侧重,具有明显的现实性、时代性和前瞻性,它们直接指导了我国社会主义农村现代化的进程,为推进社会主义新农村建设、全面落实科学发展观、进行社会主义现代化建设发挥了非常重要的作用。更为重要的是,十二个“一号文件”的颁布,使中国农民真正地得到了实实在在的利益,广泛调动了农民的积极性,促进了农村生产关系的变革和农村生产力的发展。然而,在这些惠农政策的具体落实中,存在许多问题。由于政策本身就具有不稳定性、及时性和抽象性,而法律较政策相比,具有稳定性、规范性和长期性,这使得法律和惠农政策在具体运作中出现脱节的现象。本文首先对“三农”存在的社会现象进行描述,指出了我国惠农政策与法治脱节的现状,简述了惠农政策与惠农法治的基本理论；其次,通过列表格的方式,概括出我国惠农政策与法治衔接的基本状况,并对其进行简单的总结,紧接着从农业、农民、农村三个方面,对我国惠农政策与法治衔接存在的问题进行分析；再次,从立法不完善、政府职能欠缺、权力制衡机制不健全和外部环境及观念因素四个方面,阐述了我国惠农政策与法治脱节的原因；最后,从建立健全我国农业政策、确立农民权益保护制度、推动农村法治化进程三个角度提出使我国惠农政策与法治衔接的对策。我国惠农政策的实施旨在调动农民的积极性,促进农业、农村面向社会主义现代化发展,但是仅有政策的鼓励和指引是远远不够的,还需要法律发挥其应有的作用,如作为强有力的后盾保障政策的落实；在产生纠纷时,保障当事人的合法权益；对“三农”存在的问题进行规制。只有法治与惠农政策保持一致,才能使惠农政策在农民、农村、农业发挥实质性的作用,使法律切实解决因“三农”问题引起的纠纷。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of reform and opening up, the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers was the most important issue. From 1982 to 1986, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "No. 1 document" under the theme of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which made concrete arrangements for the reform of rural areas, the development of agriculture, and the protection of farmers' rights and interests. The first document of the five central authorities has become a proper term in the history of the reform of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China-the "five No.1 documents." After 18 years, from 2004 to 2010, the State Council promulgated seven central documents. The "No 1 document" of the twelve central authorities has its own emphasis on the issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", which is obviously realistic, epochal and forward-looking. They have directly guided the process of socialist rural modernization in China. It plays a very important role in promoting the construction of new socialist countryside, comprehensively implementing the scientific development view and carrying out socialist modernization. What is more important is that the promulgation of the twelve "No. 1 documents" has made the Chinese peasants really get real benefits, mobilized their enthusiasm extensively, and promoted the reform of the rural productive relations and the development of the rural productive forces. However, in the implementation of these policies, there are many problems. Because the policy itself is unstable, timely and abstract, compared with the policy, the law is more stable, normative and long-term, which makes the law and preferential agricultural policy in the specific operation of the phenomenon of disconnection. This paper first describes the social phenomena existing in the "three rural areas", points out the current situation of the disconnection between the preferential agricultural policy and the rule of law in China, and outlines the basic theory of the preferential agricultural policy and the rule of law for the peasants. This paper summarizes the basic situation of the linkage between the preferential agricultural policy and the rule of law in our country, and makes a simple summary of it, and then analyzes the problems existing in the connection between the agricultural policy and the rule of law from the three aspects of agriculture, farmers and rural areas; thirdly, From four aspects of imperfect legislation, lack of government function, imperfect power balance mechanism, external environment and concept factors, this paper expounds the reasons for the disconnection between China's favorable agricultural policy and the rule of law, and finally, from the establishment and improvement of China's agricultural policy, To establish the protection system of farmers' rights and interests, and to promote the process of rural rule by law, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to link up the policy of benefiting agriculture and the rule of law in our country. The implementation of favorable agricultural policy in China aims to arouse the enthusiasm of farmers, promote agriculture, and face the development of socialist modernization in rural areas. However, the encouragement and guidance of policies are far from enough, and the law should play its due role. For example, as a strong backing to ensure the implementation of policies; in disputes, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties; to regulate the existing problems of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". Only if the rule of law is consistent with the policy of favouring agriculture, can the policy of favoritism play a substantial role in farmers, rural areas and agriculture, and the law can effectively resolve the disputes arising from the issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers".
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0;F320

【相似文献】