论美国政府采购促进中小企业发展之公共政策

发布时间：2018-05-29 09:26

本文选题：美国 + 公共政策功能　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：政府采购公共政策功能是现代政府采购政策及法制的重要组成部分,它要求政府采购制度在满足政府日常行政需求的同时,要更多地考虑社会公共利益的问题。发挥政府采购公共政策功能,促进中小企业发展,是政府采购特性的内在要求和中小企业在国民经济中的地位使然。早在100多年以前,美国就建立了政府采购制度,其是政府采购制度相对完善的国家之一,也是赋予政府采购较多政策性功能的国家之一。特别是2004年修改的《联邦政府采购条例》,在实体和程序方面进一步细化了联邦政府扶持中小企业参与政府采购市场的规定。与其他国家相比,在公共采购领域,美国联邦政府采购法更深层次地影响着中小企业的发展。例如,其设有小企业规模标准制度、小企业预留制度、小企业分包计划、小企业竞争示范计划等。其中可供学习和借鉴的经验有：全面的政府采购政策、完善的政府采购制度、设有专门的小企业管理局以及健全的政府采购审查机制。而我国的政府采购立法起步较晚,直至2009年国务院《关于进一步促进中小企业发展的若干意见》的颁布,才在中央层面建立了长期促进中小企业发展的政府采购基本法律框架,但这些规定都还停留在较为原则性规定层面,亟待细化。与中央立法相比,地方立法走得更远,已经开始了以制定规章的方式探索政府采购促进中小企业发展的路径。但由于我国促进中小企业发展的政府采购制度不完善,中小企业参与政府采购的现状不是很理想。目前,我国面临的问题主要有：缺乏对政府采购公共政策功能的全而认识、缺乏相关的政府采购配套制度以及缺乏统一的中小企业管理机构。针对这些问题可以提出以下完善建议：提高对政府采购公共政策功能的认识、以补正的方式解决中小企业参与政府采购市场难的问题、构建我国促进中小企业发展的政府采购制度以及设立统一的中小企业管理部门。
[Abstract]:The function of government procurement public policy is an important part of modern government procurement policy and legal system. It requires the government procurement system to consider the social public interests more while meeting the daily administrative needs of the government. Giving full play to the public policy function of government procurement and promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises are the internal requirements of the characteristics of government procurement and the status of small and medium-sized enterprises in the national economy. As early as more than 100 years ago, the United States established the government procurement system, which is one of the relatively perfect government procurement system, and it is also one of the countries that endow the government procurement with more policy functions. In particular, the Federal Government Procurement Regulation, amended in 2004, further refines the provisions of the federal government to support small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in the government procurement market in terms of entities and procedures. Compared with other countries, in the field of public procurement, the federal government procurement law has a deeper impact on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. For example, it has small enterprise scale standard system, small enterprise reservation system, small enterprise subcontract plan, small enterprise competition demonstration plan, etc. Among them, there are some experiences that can be used for reference: comprehensive government procurement policy, perfect government procurement system, a special small business administration and a sound government procurement review mechanism. However, the legislation on government procurement in our country started relatively late, until the promulgation of the State Council's opinions on further promoting the Development of small and Medium-sized Enterprises in 2009, the basic legal framework of government procurement for promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises for a long time was established at the central level. However, these provisions are still at the level of more principled provisions, and need to be refined. Compared with the central legislation, the local legislation goes further, and has begun to explore the path of government procurement to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. However, due to the imperfect government procurement system to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, the status quo of small and medium-sized enterprises participating in government procurement is not ideal. At present, China is faced with the following problems: lack of a complete understanding of the functions of government procurement public policy, lack of relevant government procurement supporting system and lack of unified management agencies for small and medium-sized enterprises. In view of these problems, we can put forward the following suggestions: to improve the understanding of the public policy function of government procurement, and to solve the problem of small and medium-sized enterprises participating in the government procurement market in a complementary way. Construct the government procurement system to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and set up a unified management department of small and medium-sized enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.2;F817.12;F276.3

【引证文献】