我国开门立法问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 00:49

本文选题：开门立法 + 民主立法　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：所谓“开门立法”,是民主立法的一种实现方式。它要求在立法过程中坚持群众路线,通过各种有效途径促进公众参与,反映民众对法律的诉求,以实现立法对民意的充分尊重和体现。具体来说,开门立法就是在立法过程中公开立法信息,采取多种有效方式拓宽公众参与立法的渠道,从立法规划,到立法审议,使公众的意愿在立法的最初阶段就能得到体现,以提高立法的合理性和透明性,促进立法工作民主化和科学化。根据我国《立法法》的相关规定,立法应当体现人民意志并应保障人民通过多种途径参与立法活动。这为开门立法这一方式在我国的立法工作中有效实施,提供了法律依据和原则性规定。实现正义,正是立法的最高价值追求。民主立法的过程,就是追求正义,通过制度设计、设定权利义务、合理配置权力、规范社会行为、调整社会关系等方式来分配正义的过程。而科学立法则要求在立法过程中使创制的法律与其规制的事项最大程度的契合,协调平衡各种利益关系,最终的目的依然是追求正义。从理论和逻辑说,参与立法的公众的人数越多、程度越高、力度越大,就越能保证立法的民主性和科学性。而开门立法的方式要求扩大公众参与,并要求立法信息的公开。这很好地体现了民主立法和科学立法追求正义的价值诉求,并有助于正义价值的实现。近几年,开门立法在我国的立法工作中发挥着越来越重要作用。特别是在地方立法活动中,开门立法这一方式更是被越来越广泛地适用,取得了很好的实践效果,从而保证了立法的民主化。当然,不论在理论上还是在实践中,开门立法也存在着各种需要解决的问题。首先,开门立法法律地位不够明确,法律依据过于原则化；其次,主体界定不明；再次,体制不健全,程序不严谨；最后,立法机关主导作用未有效发挥。这些都是开门立法中急需解决的问题。笔者意图通过对开门立法所存在的上述问题加以分析阐释,能够为明确开门立法的法律地位,界定开门立法的主体及内容,健全开门立法的体制与程序以及有效发挥立法机关的作用等问题提出一些建议和解决办法。
[Abstract]:The so-called "open door legislation" is a way to realize democratic legislation. It requires adhering to the mass line in the legislative process, promoting public participation through various effective ways, and reflecting the public's demands for the law, so as to realize the full respect and embodiment of the public opinion in the legislation. Specifically, open door legislation is to open legislative information in the process of legislation, and to adopt various effective ways to broaden the channels of public participation in legislation, from legislative planning to legislative deliberation, so that the will of the public can be reflected in the initial stage of legislation. In order to improve the rationality and transparency of legislation, promote the democratization and scientization of legislative work. According to the relevant provisions of the Legislative Law of our country, legislation should embody the will of the people and guarantee the people to participate in legislative activities through various ways. This provides legal basis and principle for the effective implementation of open door legislation in our country's legislative work. To realize justice is the highest value pursuit of legislation. The process of democratic legislation is the process of pursuing justice, distributing justice through system design, setting up rights and obligations, allocating power reasonably, standardizing social behavior, adjusting social relations and so on. In the process of legislation, the scientific legislation requires that the law of creation be in accord with the matters regulated by it to the greatest extent, and balance all kinds of interests. The ultimate aim is still to pursue justice. Theoretically and logically, the more the number and degree of the public participating in the legislation, the greater the intensity, the more democratic and scientific the legislation will be. The open-door legislation requires the expansion of public participation and the disclosure of legislative information. This reflects the value demand of democratic legislation and scientific legislation in pursuit of justice, and helps to realize the value of justice. In recent years, door-opening legislation plays an increasingly important role in our legislative work. Especially in the local legislative activities, open door legislation is more and more widely used, and has achieved good practical results, thus ensuring the democratization of legislation. Of course, whether in theory or in practice, open-door legislation also has a variety of problems to be solved. First, the legal status of open door legislation is not clear enough, the legal basis is too principled; secondly, the definition of the subject is unclear; thirdly, the system is not perfect and the procedure is not strict; finally, the leading role of the legislature has not been effectively brought into play. These are the open door legislation in the urgent need to solve the problem. The author intends to clarify the legal status of open door legislation and define the subject and content of open door legislation by analyzing and explaining the above problems existing in open door legislation. Some suggestions and solutions are put forward to improve the system and procedure of open door legislation and to give full play to the role of legislative organs.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】