托克维尔论公民联合的艺术

发布时间：2018-06-13 11:20

本文选题：民主 + 心灵困境　；参考：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文将致力于对托克维尔公民联合的思想进行梳理和探讨。托克维尔运用政治、历史、心理学、社会学等多种手法对民主社会进行全面分析并做出合理的预测，这一工作使得他的思想体系极为庞杂。不同的研究者将托克维尔放在不同的流派中加以研究。目前研究托克维尔的主流声音认为自由和平等的关系是托克维尔的中心思想，但是亨尼斯、布鲁姆等从卢梭的角度解读托克维尔，认为自由和团结、个体与共同体的关系才是托克维尔的主题思想。本文不打算对托克维尔的思想进行全面考察，而是打算从目前托克维尔研究较少涉及的领域着手：个体如何在民主时代中联合以实现自由。本文的论证结构如下：引言部分简要介绍托克维尔思想的时代背景，然后对托克维尔的研究状况进行简单综述，并说明笔者将从公民联合的角度对托克维尔的思想进行梳理和论证。第一章论述新政治科学的时代背景和思想背景，，即大革命后法国的社会状况和关于法国民主的大辩论。托克维尔的民主思想就诞生在这一激荡人心的时刻，他论述了民主即将来临的历史必然性，法国面临的问题不是如何恢复旧制度或走君主立宪的道路，而是要在接受民主统治的前提下，如何引导民主走向自由。第二章论述通过比较贵族制和民主制的社会状况，托克维尔敏锐地觉察到民主人在精神领域面临的现代危机，并由此引发新专制主义对政治世界的全面控制。第三章针对民主时代已经出现或可能出现的危机，笔者梳理出托克维尔的救赎之道——公民联合。
[Abstract]:This article will be devoted to the Tocqueville citizen union thought carding and discussion. Tocqueville used politics, history, psychology, sociology and other techniques to make a comprehensive analysis and reasonable prediction of the democratic society, which made his ideological system extremely complex. Different researchers put Tocqueville in different schools to study. At present, the mainstream voices studying Tocqueville believe that the relationship between freedom and equality is the central idea of Tocqueville, but Hennis and Bloom interpret Tocqueville from Rousseau's point of view and think that freedom and solidarity. The relationship between individual and community is Tocqueville's main idea. This paper does not intend to make a comprehensive study of Tocqueville's thoughts, but rather intends to begin with the field in which Tocqueville is less concerned at present: how to unite individuals in a democratic era to achieve freedom. The argumentation structure of this paper is as follows: the introduction briefly introduces the background of Tocqueville's thought, and then summarizes the research situation of Tocqueville. The author will sort out and demonstrate Tocqueville's thought from the angle of citizen union. The first chapter discusses the background and ideological background of the new political science, that is, the social situation of France after the Revolution and the great debate on French democracy. Tocqueville's idea of democracy was born at this moment of agitation. He discussed the historical inevitability of democracy, and the problem facing France was not how to restore the old system or follow the path of constitutional monarchy. But how to guide democracy to freedom under the premise of accepting democratic rule. In the second chapter, by comparing the social conditions of aristocracy and democracy, Tocqueville is acutely aware of the modern crisis faced by the democratic people in the spiritual field, which leads to the overall control of the political world by neo-autocracy. In the third chapter, in view of the crisis that has appeared or may appear in the democratic era, the author combs out Tocqueville's salvation road-citizen union.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D909.1

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