法律漏洞的成因及其补充

发布时间：2018-06-14 23:50

本文选题：法律漏洞 + 法律漏洞的成因　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：十九世纪后期，法学家耶林的目的法学开启了自由法运动。开始对“法律的逻辑体系自足，法秩序无漏洞”观点进行批判，法律漏洞被最终承认。所谓法律漏洞，是指在现有条件下，以现行制定法或习惯法的基本思想及内在目的为基础，对于某项问题的法律规定，未能完全实现主体预期目标的法律缺陷。它具有：不完满性、限制性、违反计划性和狭义法律解释方法的不可适用性等特征。依据不同的标准可以将法律漏洞分为：全部与部分的法律漏洞；自始与嗣后的法律漏洞；明显与隐藏的法律漏洞。……若法律发生下面的情况，就可以认定存在法律漏洞：（1）对该生活事件完全没有法律规范加以调整；（2）对该生活事件虽有规范加以调整，但是规范之间相互矛盾；（3）法律对与该生活事件相类似的案件做了规范，但对该生活事件没有任何规范加以调整；（4）法律对该生活事件虽有规范，但该规范的规定不甚妥当。通过对法律漏洞的全面认识，能够看出它的核心特征在于其具有不完满性。而法律的保守、滞后、僵化和对社会生活控制分寸的把握等诸多方面无一不是指向于它。法律之所以存在不可完善性，主要由三部分原因造成：一部分源自于它的保守性取向；一部分来自于其与生俱来的僵化性；最后一部分则是与法律所具有的对社会生活的控制限度密切相关的问题。法律的不完善性决定了法律漏洞必然会存在，，问题是：面对亟待裁判的争讼案件和无可回避的法律漏洞，摆在我们面前的只有对法律漏洞进行补充，以解决社会生活中的问题。对法律漏洞进行补充的方法，却并不限于法律解释学的补充方法。主要包括：法律规范的类推适用、法律规范的目的性限缩与扩张以及发挥性的补充适用。
[Abstract]:In the late 19 th century, jurist Yering's purpose law opened the movement of free law. Starting to criticize the view that the logical system of law is self-sufficient and the order of law is free from loopholes, the loophole of law is finally recognized. The so-called legal loophole refers to the legal defect that, under the existing conditions, on the basis of the basic idea and the internal purpose of the current statutory law or customary law, the legal provisions of a certain issue fail to fully achieve the expected objective of the subject. It is characterized by incompleteness, restriction, violation of plan and inapplicability of narrow legal interpretation. According to different standards, legal loopholes can be divided into: all and part of the legal loopholes; from the beginning and subsequent legal loopholes; obvious and hidden legal loopholes. If the law has the following circumstances, it can be concluded that there is a legal loophole: 1) there is no legal norm to adjust the life event. (2) although there are regulations to adjust the life event, the norms contradict each other; 3) although the law regulates the case similar to the life event, but there is no norm to adjust the life event, the law has a norm on the life event, but the regulation is not very appropriate. Through the comprehensive understanding of the legal loophole, it can be seen that its core characteristic lies in its incompleteness. But the legal conservatism, lag, ossification and the control of social life, and so on many aspects are not pointed to it. The reason why the law is imperfect is mainly caused by three parts: part from its conservative sexual orientation, part from its inherent inflexibility; The last part is closely related to the legal control of social life. The imperfect nature of the law determines the existence of legal loopholes. The problem is that in the face of contentious cases and unavoidable legal loopholes, we have to supplement the legal loopholes in order to solve the problems in social life. The method of supplementing legal loophole is not limited to the supplementary method of legal hermeneutics. It mainly includes: the analogical application of legal norms, the limitation and expansion of the purpose of legal norms, and the supplementary application of exertion.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90

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