价值相对主义法哲学发展及路径探析

发布时间：2018-06-25 01:05

本文选题：新康德主义 + 价值相对主义　；参考：《海南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类选择了法律,便崇尚法律,但是人类法律文明的进步绝非是一蹴而就的,而是在众多法哲学家的思想碰撞下逐渐地产生出一个又一个伟大的理论,从而推动了法律的进步和完善。从康德的法律价值绝对主义到新康德主义价值体系的诞生再到拉德布鲁赫价值相对主义法哲学的最终构建,我们可以看出,在学术的领域之中,不存在绝对的“真理”,随着社会经济的不断发展和进步,人们总会不断地发现新的方法、提出新的角度,于是原有的观点不断被挑战、被完善、被推翻。而新观点被广泛接受前,往往会被看作是荒诞不经的,要遭到严厉质疑甚至无情打击,历尽千番曲折后才能慢慢被认同。价值相对主义法哲学的形成也同样不可避免地经历了这翻曲折,从它的发展路径过程中,我们可以领悟到,唯有在学术领域大力提倡百家争鸣,对各家之见持海纳百川的气度,同时积极大胆地质疑,这才是真正理性的态度,才有利于学术的繁荣,而这些正是我国法学乃至整个学术界所缺乏的学术品质。因此,研究价值相对主义法哲学的发展路径,不仅具有一定的理论意义,而且还具有极大的现实意义。本文主要分为三个部分：第一部分主要论述了法律价值的绝对主义到相对主义的演变过程。从康德法哲学思想入手,着重对康德法哲学思想所体现的绝对性和超经验的普遍性、必然性进行论述,进而列举了几位具有代表性的哲学家对康德这种超现实的哲学思想所进行的批判和质疑,而后到新康德主义的诞生,作为新康德主义西南学派的理论巨匠——拉德布鲁赫,他在康德二元方法论以及新康德主义价值论的基础之上开创了价值相对主义法哲学体系,就此,实现了法律价值的绝对主义向相对主义的飞跃。第二部分在承接第一部分的基础上,主要阐述了价值相对主义法哲学的演变原因及其取得的成就。纵观历史发展的背景以及西方学术界的发展态势,笔者从必然因素和偶然因素两方面来说明价值相对主义法哲学的演变原因,然后详细论述了拉德布鲁赫在其价值相对主义哲学上所取得的令人叹服的伟大成就。第三部分是本文的升华部分,通过思考价值相对主义法哲学发展路径的整个过程,反思我国当代法学以及整个学术大环境的发展状态,从中吸取塑造中国当代法学独立、包容的品格以及改善不良学术氛围的有益之处。
[Abstract]:When human beings choose law, they advocate law, but the progress of human legal civilization is not achieved overnight, but gradually produces one great theory after another under the collision of many legal philosophers. Thus promoting the progress and improvement of the law. From Kant's legal value absolutism to the birth of Neo-Kant 's value system and to the final construction of Radbroch's value relativism, we can see that there is no absolute "truth" in the academic field. With the continuous development and progress of social economy, people always find new methods and put forward new angles, so the original views are constantly challenged, perfected and overturned. Before the new ideas are widely accepted, they are often regarded as absurd. They have to be severely questioned or even ruthlessly attacked before they can be accepted slowly after many ups and downs. The formation of the value relativism philosophy of law also inevitably experienced the twists and turns, from its development path process, we can understand that only in the academic field vigorously advocate a hundred schools of thought contend, and hold the tolerance of accepting all kinds of views from the sea. At the same time, it is the real rational attitude, which is beneficial to the academic prosperity, and these are the academic qualities that our law and even the whole academic circles lack. Therefore, the research on the development path of value relativism legal philosophy has not only theoretical significance, but also great practical significance. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part mainly discusses the evolution process from absolutism to relativism. From the view of Kant's philosophy of law, this paper discusses emphatically the absoluteness and the universality and inevitability of his philosophy of law. Then it enumerates several representative philosophers who criticize and question Kant's surreal philosophical thought, and then to the birth of Neo-Kantianism, as a theoretical giant of Neo-Kantianism Southwest School-Radbroch. On the basis of Kant's dual methodology and Neo-Kant 's value theory of value, he created the value relativism legal philosophy system, and thus realized the leap from absolutism of legal value to relativism. On the basis of the first part, the second part mainly expounds the evolution of the value relativism philosophy of law and its achievements. Looking at the background of historical development and the development trend of western academic circles, the author explains the evolution reason of value relativism legal philosophy from two aspects: inevitable factor and accidental factor. Then it discusses in detail the great achievements of Radbroch in his philosophy of value relativism. The third part is the sublimation part of this paper, through thinking about the whole process of the development path of the value relativism legal philosophy, reflecting the development state of our country's contemporary jurisprudence and the whole academic environment, and absorbing and shaping the independence of the Chinese contemporary law. Tolerance and the benefits of improving the academic atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-05

【引证文献】