法律规则与道德评价对法律推理的影响

发布时间：2018-06-27 09:31

本文选题：法律推理 + 法律规则　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：法律推理是法律逻辑学的一个非常重要的内容,它是法律逻辑学研究的主要对象之一。法律推理是司法实践中法律适用的一种重要方法。法律就是维护社会秩序的强制性工具,对社会秩序具有重要作用。这要求法律必须稳定,不能朝令夕改,法律推理在司法实践中的运用有利于维护法律的稳定,可以减少其他原因对裁判者造成的影响,从而较好的实现法律的确定性。改革开放以来,我国经济和社会得到快速发展,人与人、人与社会之间的关系越来越复杂,这对法律推理在司法实践中的运用提出了更高的要求,学者们热切关注法律推理的研究。本文从法律推理的含义、类型和困境谈起,着重分析法律规则和道德评价对法律推理的影响。对于法律推理的定义、特点、类型等基本问题,笔者对目前国内外学者的研究进行了总结和分析,并在此基础上进行了有意义的探索。此外,本文着重研究法律规则、道德评价对法律推理过程具有重要的影响,法律推理要对法律规则与道德评价选择性适用,法律推理是适用法律规则和道德评价的结合体。研究法律规则与道德评价对法律推理的影响不是一个简单的课题,而是一项庞大而艰巨的工程,不仅需要研究者具有深厚的法哲学和逻辑学底蕴,而且还需要研究者具有丰富的司法实践经验。笔者只是凭着自己有限的能力,试图研究法律规则与道德评价对法律推理的影响,以探求一条不脱离法学实际的法律逻辑研究方法。本文分为五章,第一章主要是法律推理的概述,包括法律推理的含义和特征;第二章是法律推理的困境,包括法律推理的分类及形式法律推理和形式正义的约束,实质法律推理和实践理性的局限;第三章是讲法律规则,包括法律规则的含义和类型,按照不同的标准有不同的分类;第四章是讲道德评价的含义和类型;第五章是法律规则与道德评价对法律推理的影响,主要分析法律规则和道德评价对法律推理过程的影响,法律推理对两者的选择性适用,法律推理是适用法律规则和道德评价的结合体。本文采用的研究方法有如下几种: 第一,文献法。充分利用国内外有关法律规则、道德评价和法律推理这一主题的相关的文献资料,把握国内外的研究动态,并在此基础上对本研究进行资料扩充,扩大研究思路和渠道。第二,定性分析法。定性分析法就是在总结国内外有关法律推理的研究资料基础上,对法律推理的概念、分类,及法律规则与道德评价对法律推理的影响透过表面,进行“质”的分析。在具体研究分析时运用归纳和演绎的方法、分析与综合的方法以及抽象与概括等方法,对获得的各种材料进行思维加工,去粗取精、去伪存真、由此及彼、由表及里,达到认识事物本质、揭示内在规律的目的。第三,功能分析法。功能分析法是法学等社会科学用来分析社会现象的一种重要方法。
[Abstract]:Legal reasoning is a very important content of legal logic, and it is one of the main objects of legal logic. Legal reasoning is an important method of legal application in judicial practice. Law is a compulsory tool to maintain social order and plays an important role in social order. This requires that the law must be stable, can not be changed, the use of legal reasoning in judicial practice is conducive to maintaining the stability of the law, can reduce the impact of other reasons on the referee, so as to achieve legal certainty. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy and society have developed rapidly, and the relationship between people and society has become more and more complicated, which puts forward higher requirements for the application of legal reasoning in judicial practice. Scholars pay keen attention to the study of legal reasoning. This paper discusses the meaning, types and difficulties of legal reasoning, and analyzes the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on legal reasoning. For the definition, characteristics, types and other basic problems of legal reasoning, the author summarized and analyzed the current research of scholars at home and abroad, and on this basis carried on a meaningful exploration. In addition, this paper focuses on the study of legal rules, moral evaluation has an important impact on the process of legal reasoning, legal reasoning should be applied selectively to legal rules and moral evaluation, legal reasoning is the combination of applicable legal rules and moral evaluation. To study the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on legal reasoning is not a simple subject, but a huge and arduous project. Moreover, it is necessary for researchers to have rich experience in judicial practice. The author, with his limited ability, tries to study the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on legal reasoning in order to explore a method of legal logic research which does not deviate from the practice of law. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is an overview of legal reasoning, including the meaning and characteristics of legal reasoning, the second chapter is the dilemma of legal reasoning, including the classification of legal reasoning and formal justice constraints. The third chapter is about legal rules, including the meaning and types of legal rules, which are classified according to different standards, and the fourth chapter is about the meaning and types of moral evaluation. The fifth chapter is the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on legal reasoning, mainly analyzes the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on the process of legal reasoning, and the selective application of legal reasoning to both. Legal reasoning is the combination of applying legal rules and moral evaluation. The research methods used in this paper are as follows: first, literature method. This paper makes full use of the relevant literature on the subject of legal rules, moral evaluation and legal reasoning at home and abroad to grasp the research trends at home and abroad, and on this basis, expands the research ideas and channels. Second, qualitative analysis. On the basis of summarizing the research data of legal reasoning at home and abroad, the qualitative analysis method is to analyze the concept, classification, and the influence of legal rules and moral evaluation on legal reasoning through the surface. In the specific research and analysis, the methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstract and generalization, etc., are used to process the various materials obtained, to get rid of the rough and refined, to distinguish the false things, to retain the real things, from the outside to the inside, To realize the essence of things and reveal the internal laws. Third, functional analysis. Functional analysis is an important method used by social sciences such as law to analyze social phenomena.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90-05

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