清朝直诉制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 09:44

本文选题：直诉制度 + 京控　；参考：《郑州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：清朝直诉制度是中国传统法制的一部分,是中国传统法制的珍贵遗产,清朝司法制度是中国传统法制的最后继承者,居于“承前启后”的关键地位,直诉制度是中国古代司法制度中一个较为特殊的申诉制度,即那些案情重大和冤抑莫伸者,可越过正常的诉讼程序和诉讼管辖的限制,直接向最高统治者申诉。纠正错误判决、平反冤情是直诉制度最大的功能,它彰显了中国传统法律文化对事实真相的倚重以及对实体正义的追求,同时也是下情上达、监督司法官吏执法情况的一项重要制度。清朝在承袭前代的基础上,形成了更为详细和完备的直诉制度。本文首先概述了清朝直诉制度产生的历史渊源与表现形式,分析直诉制度在最后一个封建王朝的特点,发掘其背后所表现出的传统诉讼文化与诉讼心态,以及清代直诉制度运行所带来的社会影响与其社会控制效应,由于当时的社会体制等原因,清朝直诉制度具有着其本身不可避免的历史局限性,尽管它已经为历史所摒弃,但不可否认的是,它对我国当代社会仍然有着潜移默化的影响力,因此我们小妨从中汲取历史的经验教训以对今天所行之信访制度加以改进,文中最后通过对信访制度现况加以比较分析,对信访制度改革略作推敲,以起借古鉴今之效。
[Abstract]:The system of direct litigation in the Qing Dynasty is a part of the Chinese traditional legal system and a precious heritage of the Chinese traditional legal system. The judicial system of the Qing Dynasty is the last successor of the Chinese traditional legal system and occupies a key position of "connecting the past with the future". The system of direct appeal is a special appeal system in the ancient Chinese judicial system, that is, those who have serious cases and do not seek redress for their grievances can directly appeal to the supreme ruler over the normal procedure and the limitation of litigation jurisdiction. To correct wrong judgments, redress of grievances is the greatest function of the system of direct action. It demonstrates the reliance of Chinese traditional legal culture on the truth of facts and the pursuit of substantive justice. An important system for supervising the administration of justice. On the basis of inheriting the previous generation, the Qing Dynasty formed a more detailed and complete system of direct action. This paper first summarizes the historical origin and manifestation of the system of direct action in Qing Dynasty, analyzes the characteristics of the system in the last feudal dynasty, and explores the traditional litigation culture and mentality behind it. As well as the social influence and social control effect brought by the operation of the direct complaint system in the Qing Dynasty, because of the social system at that time, the direct litigation system of the Qing Dynasty had its own inevitable historical limitations, although it had been abandoned by history. But it is undeniable that it still has an imperceptible influence on our contemporary society, so we may as well learn from the lessons of history in order to improve the system of letters and visits that we are doing today. Finally, by comparing and analyzing the present situation of letter and visit system, this paper makes a little study on the reform of letter and visit system so as to draw lessons from the past and learn from the present.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D925

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