后现代法学视野下的建构性法律主体

发布时间：2018-07-03 04:40

本文选题：后现代 + 后现代法学　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文题目为《后现代法学视野下的构建性法律主体》，通过后现代文化与后现代法学有关文献的研读，，并结合垮掉的一代等相关文学作品创作，试图寻求在后现代法学中的法律主体的建构性维度的真相。当人类迈入现代文明特别是西方社会马不停蹄地集成式的进入后发展化的时期，良多社会、经济与政治问题接踵而来，20世纪初的两次世界大战带给人的精神创伤；冷战时期两大政治势力对于异类的排挤与镇压；南北贫富差距的拉大；战火依旧纷飞 20世纪70年代，产生了对西方学术界最有影响力的后现代主义思潮，其中后现代法学是后现代主义在法学理论中发出的最强音。后现代法学体现了对西方现代法学的反思、解构与超越。在现代法学理论中，法律是以观点保守、态度中立、价值普适的视角而出现的。法律在维持社会秩序与安定、促进社会发展与人权进步等方面，有着不可小嘘的贡献。然而在新的历史时期，现代法律也面临着其自身合法性的危机。后现代主义的法学家们将反思的对象直指现代法学所赖以存在的根基——基本原则、法治理念，试图阐述现代法学在现有规则——原则体系下对于强者利益的保护，而淡忘了弱势群体，漠视弱势群体的权益。后现代法学家们企图颠覆蕴含在现代法学体系下的一脉相传的且具有形而上学的法律本质，打破话语霸权，使得非主流、边缘主体的话语具有存在的空间。笔者认为要为后现代法学思潮辩护，首先要借助于词源学的相关知识客观、全面地分析后现代语境下的词语之义，现存的具备鲜明的后现代色彩的法学思想以及后现代法学思潮内部的各类争鸣，这一些都体现在现今的法学著作中，“现代”和“后现代”的交锋屡见不鲜。在后现代法学家的视角下，法学与文学本为一体物，只是由于现代法学的霸权观念，从而导致了现代法学的封闭性。为了寻找制度的解构，后现代法学吸引了很多中外法学研究者的广泛关注，西方后现代法学的兴起并不意味着它已经取代了现代法学在社会中的主导地位，不过后现代法学在西方学术界仍处于不断发展进步中的理论，这就更需要通过不断的实践去考证。而对于处在转型时期的中国来说，尽管关注点更多集中在制度建构，基于法治合理性作为中国法学理论建构中最为紧迫的任务而存在，从某一侧面来说，后现代法学理论与中国传统的法律思想具有一定程度上的类同，长期以来中国是处于前现代社会中的，因而后现代法学理论在中国仍处于婴儿时期。本文通过具体的文学文本来寻求后现代法学的法律主体思想，这其中的目的与意义在于：通过探寻后现代主义的建构性主体观念，以点带面，证明在后现代法学中依旧存在着大量的建构性内容，后现代法学家并非法律末世的鼓吹者，而是法治新生的预言家。
[Abstract]:The title of this thesis is "the subject of constructive Law in the View of Post-modern Law", through the study of the literature related to postmodern culture and postmodern law, and combined with the creation of related literary works, such as the broken generation, etc. This paper tries to seek the truth of the constructive dimension of legal subject in postmodern jurisprudence. When human beings entered the post-development period of modern civilization, especially the western society, many social, economic and political problems followed the mental trauma brought by the two world wars in the early 20th century. The exclusion and repression of heterogeneity by the two major political forces during the Cold War; the widening gap between the rich and the poor between the North and the South; the war of war still raging in the 1970s, resulting in the most influential post-modernist trend of thought in Western academia. Post-modern law is the strongest sound of post-modernism in the theory of law. Post-modern law reflects the reflection, deconstruction and transcendence of western modern law. In modern legal theory, law appears from the perspective of conservative viewpoint, neutral attitude and universal value. Law has made great contributions to maintaining social order and stability, promoting social development and human rights progress. However, in the new historical period, modern law also faces the crisis of its own legitimacy. The jurists of postmodernism point directly to the basic principles and the concept of rule of law on which modern jurisprudence is based, and try to explain the protection of the interests of the strong under the existing rules-principle system. And forgot the vulnerable groups, ignoring the rights and interests of vulnerable groups. The postmodern jurists attempt to subvert the metaphysical legal essence contained in the modern legal system, break the discourse hegemony, and make the discourse of non-mainstream and marginal subject have the space of existence. The author thinks that in order to defend the trend of thought in postmodern law, we should first of all analyze the meaning of words in the post-modern context by means of the objective knowledge of etymology. The extant postmodern legal thought and various kinds of contentions within the postmodern legal trend of thought are reflected in the present legal works, and the confrontation between "modern" and "post-modern" is common. From the perspective of postmodern jurists, the combination of law and literature is only due to the hegemonic concept of modern jurisprudence, which leads to the closeness of modern jurisprudence. In order to find the deconstruction of the system, the post-modern law has attracted the extensive attention of many Chinese and foreign legal researchers. The rise of the western post-modern law does not mean that it has replaced the leading position of the modern law in the society. However, postmodern law is still in the process of continuous development and progress in western academic circles, which needs to be verified through continuous practice. For China in the transition period, although the focus is more on the system construction, the rationality of the rule of law as the most urgent task in the construction of Chinese legal theory, from a certain side, The postmodern legal theory is similar to the Chinese traditional legal thought to some extent. For a long time, China is in the pre-modern society, so the post-modern legal theory is still in infancy in China. This paper seeks the legal subject thought of postmodern law through specific literary texts, the purpose and significance of which lies in: by exploring the constructive subject concept of postmodernism, It is proved that there is still a great deal of constructive content in postmodern jurisprudence, and postmodern jurists are not advocates of the end of the law, but new prophets of the rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90

【参考文献】