论中国特色社会主义法律体系的形成

发布时间：2018-08-03 09:41

【摘要】：法律体系是一国法治建设的基础和实现依法治国的前提。当前中国特色社会主义法律体系已经正式形成,在此基础上加强对法律体系形成的理论研究也就具有更大的理论和现实意义。该法律体系的形成引起了笔者学习和研究的兴趣,在对前人的研究成果进行学习的基础上下笔写了该篇文章,希望引起读者的兴趣从而对法律体系进行深入的学习和研究。关于法律体系含义的理解学界一直存在各种不同的观点,作者对这些常用的观点进行分析和概括,分别从三个方面进行阐释：首先从理论层面来分析,该层面对法律体系进行较深层次的解读,认为其与法律的含义大致相同；其次从文化层面分析,该层面认为法律体系有着较深的文化底蕴,与特定的历史传统和外在表现形式相关,并且通常用法系的含义对法律体系进行解读；三是从传统的角度分析,主张从整体上来认识法律体系,重视该体系的整体性,认为法律体系以一国全部现行有效的规范为基础,这也是法律工作者通常理解和运用的关于法律体系的解释。此外关于法律体系还有进化论法学的法律体系观和实践论法学的法律体系观,主张从动态的历史的角度审视法律的发展,追求法律的实然效果。第二部分在中国特色社会主义法律体系正式形成的基础上分析了法律体系形成的标准和中国特色社会主义法律体系的独有特色。在借鉴国内学者关于法律体系形成的标准所作的阐释的基础上,笔者从三个层面总结了该法律体系形成的标准：第一是法律体系形成的系统规范标准,要求形成一个自洽完满的法律规范体系；第二是法律体系形成的文化价值标准,要求通过良法善治保障人权达到立法的目的；第三是法律体系形成的社会实践标准,认为法律体系的最终使命就是将法律付诸实践,使法律成为社会主要的调整手段和人民普遍遵循的行为规范,这是法律体系形成的最高最理想的状态。接着分析了我国法律体系的主要特点：以社会主义为本质、以一元多层为结构、以政府推进为形成模式、以改革开放和现代化建设为时代特征、以借鉴、吸收、创造为文化特征。从而为文章的进行奠定了基础。第三部分研究了中国特色社会主义法律体系形成的基础,认为该法律体系形成的基础主要包括该法律体系在历史发展进程中的表现形式即历史渊源和其形成的主要条件。首先,认为我国的法律体系在发展进程中主要继承了中国古代法律体系和新民主主义法律体系的优秀成果,移植了苏联社会主义法律体系的先进理念和制度。接着从实践、理论和立法技术层面分析了该法律体系形成的基本条件。最后,分三个阶段分析了该法律体系形成的轨迹。第四部分在前文论述的基础上总结了我国法律体系形成的基本经验,主要从理论和实践两个方面来分析。从理念层面来说主要贯彻了三个坚持,即：“坚持中国特色社会主义理论体系的指导、坚持党的领导、坚持从我国初级阶段的国情和实际出发”。从实践层面来看我国法律体系的形成经验主要是：“坚持统一性和灵活性的兼顾、坚持在继承和借鉴的基础上不断创新、坚持综合运用多种立法手段的结合”。第五部分主要分析了我国法律体系存在的主要问题,在对问题进行分析的基础上谈论了该法律体系完善的几点思路。目前我国法律体系存在的主要问题包括：“存在某些立法空白、立法质量不高,缺乏可操作性、法律体系自身协调性有待进一步提高”。在此基础上我们提出法律体系的完善还需要做到以下几点：“加强保障公民权益的民生立法、修改现行法律,提高法律的可操作性、创新立法技术,实现法律体系内部和谐统一、创新立法体制,完善立法权限的设置、划分体制”。结论部分谈及了我国在今后的立法工作中应该注意的问题和应贯彻的几点原则,认为我国的法律体系虽然已经形成,但是该法律体系的完善依然任重道远,其开放性和包容性的特征必将促使其随着时代的发展而不断趋于完善。
[Abstract]:The legal system is the basis of the construction of the rule of law in a country and the prerequisite for the realization of the rule of law. The legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has been formally formed. On this basis, it is of greater theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the theoretical research on the formation of the legal system. This article is written on the basis of the study of previous research results, hoping to arouse the interest of the readers so as to study and study the legal system in depth.
There are many different views on the understanding of the meaning of the legal system. The author analyzes and generalizes these common views from three aspects: first, from the theoretical level, this layer is analyzed in a deeper level of the legal system, which is roughly the same meaning as the law; secondly, it is from the text. On the level of analysis, the legal system has a deeper cultural connotation, related to the specific historical tradition and external manifestation, and interprets the legal system through the meaning of common law system. Three, from the traditional perspective, it advocates the understanding of the legal system as a whole, the integrity of the system, and the view of the legal body. On the basis of all the existing and effective norms of a country, it is also an explanation of the legal system that legal workers usually understand and apply. In addition, the legal system and the legal system view of the legal system of law and practical jurisprudence are also considered in the legal system, and the development of the law and the pursuit of the reality of law from a dynamic historical point of view. But the effect.
The second part analyses the standard of the formation of the legal system and the unique characteristics of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics on the basis of the formal formation of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the basis of the interpretation of the standards for the formation of the legal system by domestic scholars, the writer summarizes the formation of the legal system from three levels. Standards: the first is the system standard standard formed by the legal system, which requires the formation of a self consistent and complete legal norm system; second is the cultural value standard formed by the legal system, and the goal of guaranteeing human rights through good law and good governance to achieve the legislative purpose; third is the social practice standard formed by the legal system, and the most of the legal system is considered. The final mission is to put the law into practice, make the law become the main adjustment means of the society and the behavior norms that the people generally follow. This is the highest and most ideal state of the formation of the legal system. Then it analyzes the main characteristics of the legal system in our country: the essence of socialism, the multi tier as the structure, and the promotion of the government as the form of formation. With reform and opening up and modernization as the characteristics of the times, with reference, absorption and creation as the cultural characteristics, thus laying the foundation for the article.
The third part studies the foundation of the formation of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and holds that the basis of the formation of the legal system mainly includes the forms of expression of the legal system in the course of historical development, that is, the historical origin and the main conditions for its formation. The outstanding achievements of the legal system and the new democratic legal system have transplanted the advanced concept and system of the socialist legal system of the Soviet Union. Then, the basic conditions for the formation of the legal system are analyzed from the aspects of practice, theory and legislation. Finally, the formation of the legal system is analyzed in three stages.
The fourth part summarizes the basic experience of the formation of China's legal system on the basis of the previous article, mainly from two aspects of theory and practice. From the conceptual level, the main implementation of the three adherence, namely, "adhere to the guidance of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, firm the leadership of the party, and adhere to the national conditions in the primary stage of our country." From the practical level, the experience of the formation of the legal system in China is mainly as follows: "adhere to the balance of unity and flexibility, insist on continuous innovation on the basis of inheritance and reference, and adhere to the combination of the comprehensive use of various legislative means".
The fifth part mainly analyzes the main problems of the legal system in our country. On the basis of the analysis of the problems, it discusses some ideas about the perfection of the legal system. At present, the main problems of the legal system in our country include: "there are some legislative blanks, the quality of legislation is not high, the lack of operability, and the coordination of the legal system itself." On this basis, we put forward the following points: "strengthen the legislation of the people's rights and interests of the people's livelihood, amend the current law, improve the operability of the law, innovate the legislative technology, realize the internal harmony and unity of the legal system, innovate the legislative system, perfect the setting of legislative authority, division, and division." System ".
The conclusion part talks about the problems that we should pay attention to in the future legislative work and the principles that should be carried out. Although the legal system of our country has been formed, the perfection of the legal system still has a long way to go, and its openness and inclusiveness will make it more and more perfect with the development of the times.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

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