假设承诺:一个新的法律概念
发布时间：2018-08-04 17:01
【摘要】：在德国,假设承诺是最近十年才出现在联邦法院判例中的新事物。它指的是:在医事手术上,如果医生向病人作了如实的说明,病人也会作出承诺,那医生的说明瑕疵不会使得其医事手术失去正当性。相对于事实的承诺和推定承诺,假设承诺没有弱化当事人的自决权。由于病人同意手术的决策以及相应的手术侵犯,并非确切地由说明瑕疵所导致,所以它们两者之间不存在义务违反性的关联,进而缺乏可归属性。即使医生采取了合乎义务的替代性举止,结果发生的概率也同样会达到相当确定的程度。此外,依照"有疑问时,有利于被告人"的原则,亦可得出有利于医生的结论。在德国民事判例上,当事医生毋需为其说明瑕疵承担责任,基于统一法秩序的原理,医生也不应承担刑事责任(除非构成未遂)。
[Abstract]:In Germany, the hypothetical promise is something new to the Federal Court's jurisprudence in the last decade. It means that in medical surgery, if a doctor makes a truthful statement to a patient, the patient also makes a promise, and the doctor's flaw does not render his medical operation unjustified. In contrast to factual and presumptive promises, hypothetical commitments do not weaken the parties' right to self-determination. Because the patient agrees to the operation decision and the corresponding operation invasion, it is not exactly caused by the defect of explanation, so there is no relationship between them, and then they lack the attributive attribute. Even if the doctor adopts a responsible alternative behavior, the probability of the outcome will be fairly certain. In addition, in accordance with the principle of "in case of doubt, in favour of the accused", a conclusion may be drawn in favour of the doctor. In German civil law, the doctor is not liable for the defect, nor shall he be criminally liable (unless it constitutes an attempt) on the basis of the principles of the uniform law order.
【作者单位】： 德国奥格斯堡大学法学院;北京大学刑事法治研究中心;
【分类号】：D951.6
，
本文编号：2164524
[Abstract]:In Germany, the hypothetical promise is something new to the Federal Court's jurisprudence in the last decade. It means that in medical surgery, if a doctor makes a truthful statement to a patient, the patient also makes a promise, and the doctor's flaw does not render his medical operation unjustified. In contrast to factual and presumptive promises, hypothetical commitments do not weaken the parties' right to self-determination. Because the patient agrees to the operation decision and the corresponding operation invasion, it is not exactly caused by the defect of explanation, so there is no relationship between them, and then they lack the attributive attribute. Even if the doctor adopts a responsible alternative behavior, the probability of the outcome will be fairly certain. In addition, in accordance with the principle of "in case of doubt, in favour of the accused", a conclusion may be drawn in favour of the doctor. In German civil law, the doctor is not liable for the defect, nor shall he be criminally liable (unless it constitutes an attempt) on the basis of the principles of the uniform law order.
【作者单位】： 德国奥格斯堡大学法学院;北京大学刑事法治研究中心;
【分类号】：D951.6
，
本文编号：2164524
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