拉兹法律合法性思想研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 15:39

【摘要】：以拉兹为代表的当代西方分析实证主义法学家们希冀以通过对法律与道德的关系的澄清,将法律的合法性解释为有使自身和人们合理信赖的法律渊源及具有排他性的独立存在的权威的行动理由体系。对此一思想的梳理、分析,本文拟通过运用法学研究中惯常使用的比较方法、价值分析法、历史研究法、功能分析法等手段,通过第一部分即拉兹对奥斯丁运用主权者的命令和凯尔森运用基本规范理论来解释法律体系的批判,在借鉴、吸收哈特的法律体系理论思想的基础之上,拉兹认为法律应当是对规范社会事实具有排他性和正当性的行动理由的规则体系,即通过第二部分对其思想的阐释,从作为排他性存在的法律首先应拥有权威性入手,在分析权威类型中,指出规范性的法律应是与权威相密切联系的存在,而法治是法律从人们外在服从上升到内在服从的前提,而法治的进一步深化则是排他性存在的法律以强制人们服从变为了以服务于人们的社会行动理由,成为将道德排除在外的维护人们权益更有利的武器。从权威分类至服务性权威观的层层递进式陈述,以求能够深入拉兹法律思想理论的内里,阐明拉兹作为排他性法律实证主义者对法律体系所保持的立场。第三部分则是结合拉兹所生活的时代特性,希求以笔者极浅薄的学识对拉兹的法律合法性理论做出一点认识和思考,去探寻其思想体系中的精髓,追溯拉兹法律权威体系的思想价值、时代价值。
[Abstract]:The contemporary Western analytical positivist jurists, represented by Raz, hope to clarify the relationship between law and morality. The legitimacy of the law is interpreted as a system of legal sources and an exclusive and independent authority to make itself and people reasonably trust. Through combing and analyzing this thought, this paper intends to use the methods of comparison, value analysis, history research, function analysis and so on, which are commonly used in the study of law. In the first part, Raz criticizes Austen's application of sovereignty and Kelsen's basic normative theory to explain the legal system. On the basis of drawing lessons from Hart's theory of legal system, he absorbs Hart's theory of legal system. Raz believes that law should be the rule system for the exclusive and legitimate reasons of action to regulate social facts, that is, through the second part of the interpretation of its thought, the law as an exclusive existence should first have authority. In the analysis of the types of authority, it is pointed out that normative law should be closely related to the existence of authority, and the rule of law is the premise of law from external service to internal service. The further deepening of the rule of law is the exclusive existence of the law to force people to obey to change to serve the social reasons for action, become the moral exclusion of the protection of people's rights and interests more favorable weapon. The progressive statements from the classification of authority to the view of service authority, in order to be able to go deep into the interior of Raz's theory of legal thought, and clarify his position on the legal system as an exclusive legal positivist. The third part is the combination of the characteristics of the times Raz lives, hoping to use the author's very shallow knowledge of the legal legitimacy of Raz to make a little understanding and thinking, to explore the essence of his ideological system, Trace back to the ideological value of Raz's legal authority system, the value of the times.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D90

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