比例原则在美国法中的体现

发布时间：2018-08-09 18:56

【摘要】：比例原则是权衡公权力与私权利的一项重要原则,在德国、法国和欧盟等法制发达的国家和地区,相关的研究也较为成熟,具有相当丰富的理论积累和实务经验,美国法律虽然以程序至上为首要原则,实践中所产生的公权力与私权利利益衡量的复杂问题时,也不得不运用到比例原则的思想来解决这些问题,但对美国法中的比例原则研究的相对较少。中国现行的许多法律规定中己经蕴涵了比例原则的思想。随着法治进程的推进,比例原则在中国的法治思想中必将确立起来。本论文将系统讨论比例原则在美国法上的产生、发展和运用,从显式和隐式两个方面全面分析比例原则在美国宪法、行政法、民法、刑法、民事诉讼法以及刑事诉讼法中的具体运用和体现。全面完善了比例原则在各国法律中的普遍运用,对我国法治建设对比例原则的引入提供借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The principle of proportionality is an important principle of balancing public power and private right. In Germany, France and the European Union and other developed countries and regions with developed legal system, the relevant research is also relatively mature, with rich theoretical accumulation and practical experience. Although the primary principle of American law is the supremacy of procedure, the complex problems of measuring the interests of public power and private rights that arise in practice have to be solved by the idea of the principle of proportionality. However, the study of the principle of proportionality in American law is relatively rare. The principle of proportionality has been embodied in many current laws and regulations in China. With the advancement of the process of rule of law, the principle of proportionality will be established in the thought of rule of law in China. This paper will systematically discuss the emergence, development and application of the principle of proportionality in American law, and analyze the principle of proportionality in American Constitution, Administrative Law, Civil Law and Criminal Law from both explicit and implicit aspects. The concrete application and embodiment of civil procedure law and criminal procedure law. It improves the universal application of the principle of proportionality in the laws of various countries and provides reference for the introduction of the principle of proportionality in the construction of rule of law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0;D971.2

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