人体冷冻胚胎监管、处置权归属的认识
发布时间：2018-08-18 15:26
【摘要】：卫生部颁布的部门规章中关于胚胎不能买卖、赠送和禁止实施代孕的规定,仅针对从事人工生殖辅助技术的医疗机构和人员而言,并未对一般公民尤其是失独公民就其或者其子女遗留下来的冷冻胚胎行使监管、处置权作出禁止、限制性规定。医疗机构缺乏充分依据基于部门规章的行政管理规定对抗当事人基于私法所享有的正当权利。在现行法律法规对人体冷冻胚胎法律属性没有明确规定的情况下,考虑到司法救济的终局属性,人民法院不能拒绝裁判,应当承担特定的司法责任。在人体冷冻胚胎监管权、处置权归属的问题上,应充分考虑胚胎处置权利的特殊性,结合伦理、情感、特殊利益保护等情理交融因素,在不违背禁止性规定的前提下作出契合法理精神的判决。法院判决本身在性质上只是对于作为客观物质存在的胚胎之权属纠纷进行确权,而确权之后非法代孕的风险已经超出法院裁判的应有范畴。
[Abstract]:The regulations issued by the Ministry of Health concerning that embryos cannot be sold, given away and prohibited from performing surrogate pregnancy are only for medical institutions and personnel engaged in assisted technology for artificial reproduction. There is no prohibition or restriction on the exercise of supervision and disposal of frozen embryos left over by ordinary citizens, especially citizens without independence, or their children. Medical institutions do not fully rely on departmental regulations to counter the parties' legitimate rights under private law. Under the condition that the legal attribute of human frozen embryo is not clearly stipulated by the current laws and regulations, the people's court cannot refuse the judgment and should bear the specific judicial responsibility, considering the final attribute of judicial relief. On the issue of the right to supervise and dispose of frozen embryos, we should fully consider the particularity of the right to dispose of embryos, and combine the factors of ethics, emotion, protection of special interests and so on. To make a judgment in accordance with the spirit of law on the premise of not violating the prohibitive provisions. The court judgment itself is only the right to confirm the dispute over the ownership of embryos as an objective substance, and the risk of illegal surrogacy after the confirmation of power has exceeded the scope of the court decision.
【作者单位】： 江苏省无锡市中级人民法院;
【分类号】：D920.5;D923
[Abstract]:The regulations issued by the Ministry of Health concerning that embryos cannot be sold, given away and prohibited from performing surrogate pregnancy are only for medical institutions and personnel engaged in assisted technology for artificial reproduction. There is no prohibition or restriction on the exercise of supervision and disposal of frozen embryos left over by ordinary citizens, especially citizens without independence, or their children. Medical institutions do not fully rely on departmental regulations to counter the parties' legitimate rights under private law. Under the condition that the legal attribute of human frozen embryo is not clearly stipulated by the current laws and regulations, the people's court cannot refuse the judgment and should bear the specific judicial responsibility, considering the final attribute of judicial relief. On the issue of the right to supervise and dispose of frozen embryos, we should fully consider the particularity of the right to dispose of embryos, and combine the factors of ethics, emotion, protection of special interests and so on. To make a judgment in accordance with the spirit of law on the premise of not violating the prohibitive provisions. The court judgment itself is only the right to confirm the dispute over the ownership of embryos as an objective substance, and the risk of illegal surrogacy after the confirmation of power has exceeded the scope of the court decision.
【作者单位】： 江苏省无锡市中级人民法院;
【分类号】：D920.5;D923
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