论社会转型期的权利冲突

发布时间：2018-08-30 10:42

【摘要】：目前,中国社会正处于一个社会转型期。在社会转型期,随着经济社会的快速发展,人们的价值观、权利观都会发生一定的变化,整个社会也必定会出现一些在以往社会中不曾出现的问题和矛盾,一些新的权利冲突现象也会表现得越来越明显,在这种情况下,我们就必须正视这些权利冲突现象,以一种客观、合理的态度去对待它们。从社会转型期的角度去思考权利冲突现象,对权利冲突理论的完善,对建设社会主义法治国家的目标,都具有非常重要的现实意义。考察社会转型期的权利冲突现象,首先要明确界定当前中国社会转型期,充分理解作为社会转型期的权利冲突是一种怎样的冲突。中国的社会转型期在中国历史上是一个前所未有的时期,这个时期对人们生活、社会经济的发展影响是非常巨大的,自20世纪90年代以来,中国确立了要建设社会主义市场经济体制,中国经济社会的发展进入了一个快速发展的阶段,从这个时候起,中国社会进入了一个新的社会发展期,社会转型期的含义这个时段得到了充分的体现。因此本文界定的社会转型期是从这个时候开始的。由于权利观念的复杂性,导致权利冲突理论也具有很大的争议性,从不同的角度观察权利冲突现象可以得出不同的结论,权利冲突理论的发展在当前我们的法学研究中还处于一个初始的阶段,需要我们逐步去完善。在现实生活中,作为权利主体的个人或者组织,任何时候都可能会处于一种权利冲突的状态中。这种权利冲突可以表现出一种相互交错的态势,以权利存在形态的角度来看,社会转型期权利冲突主要是关于道德权利和法律权利之间的冲突,在不同权利主体之间也会出现一种法律权利的权利冲突现象。在社会转型期,权利冲突现象是普遍的但同时又具有很大的特殊性,这种特殊性主要是因为中国社会转型期的特点所决定的。在中国社会转型期,整个社会的变化是全方位的,从经济发展到社会进步,从个人生活到社会结构,从城市到农村,种种变化对中国社会发展轨迹产生了一种加速度的效应,因这些变化而表现出来的权利冲突现象涵盖了人们社会生活的方方面面,比如牵涉到人们切身利益的房子、教育、就业、医疗等等问题。在社会转型期,产生权利冲突现象的原因多种多样,但大致可以从权利本身内外这两个角度来考虑。首先就权利本身所具有的性质来看,权利冲突并不是如苏力先生所认为的那样,权利冲突不能等同于权利的相互性,权利具有相互性只是产生权利冲突现象的一个方面,法律的不确定性导致的权利界限模糊也是发生权利冲突现象的一个重要原因。在社会转型期发生的权利冲突现象,更多的可以从权利本身外的因素来考察,这些因素在社会转型期的长期存在决定了社会转型期内权利冲突现象必然会是一个长期的、难以消除的现象。在社会转型期这样一个特殊的历史时期,由于存在资源短缺、权利主体多元化、个人权利意识蓬勃发展以及现行法律与现实存在差距等等现象,权利冲突现象的发生无论在广度上还是在深度上都与中国以往的社会阶段具有很大的不同。一个社会存在权利冲突现象是必然的,在处于社会转型期的中国社会,权利冲突现象的出现更是不可避免。我们不能回避但同时也不应慌张,应该采取正确的态度去对待这些权利冲突现象,在解决社会转型期的权利冲突的过程中,我们首先要遵循一定的原则,同时也要有相应的解决途径。对社会转型期权利冲突的解决,我们要坚持维护宪法的根本法地位,不能违背宪法基本规定,要兼顾个人正当权益和社会公共利益,做到两者的有机统一,从立法的途径去完善法律规定,做到有法可依,从司法的角度去解决权利冲突问题,做到有法必依。只有这样,社会转型期的权利冲突问题才能得到更好的认识,我们对社会转型期的权利冲突现象的思考才更具有意义。对社会转型期权利冲突现象的思考,既是权利冲突理论发展的需要,同时也是社会发展对法学理论学习者的要求。通过对它的研究,我们一方面可以加深对权利冲突理论的认识,另一方面还可以让理论更好的服务于社会发展,促进社会的健康持续发展。社会转型期权利冲突现象是不可避免的,一个社会存在权利冲突是一种正常的社会现象,我们不能漠视权利冲突现象的存在,但也不能对此感到悲观失望,束手无策。我们相信,中国社会在经过了这样一个社会转型期后,通过我们对权利冲突现象的认真处理,我们的社会会变得越来越美好。
[Abstract]:At present, China's society is in a period of social transformation. In the period of social transformation, with the rapid development of economy and society, people's values and views of rights will change to a certain extent, and the whole society will inevitably have some problems and contradictions that have never appeared in the past society, and some new conflicts of rights will be more and more manifested. Obviously, in this case, we must face up to these conflicts of rights and treat them with an objective and reasonable attitude. It is of great practical significance to consider the conflicts of rights from the perspective of social transformation, to perfect the theory of conflicts of rights, and to build a socialist country ruled by law.
To investigate the phenomenon of conflict of rights in the period of social transformation, we should first clearly define the current period of social transformation in China and fully understand what kind of conflict the conflict of rights is in the period of social transformation. Ever since the 1990s, China has established a socialist market economic system, and the development of China's economy and society has entered a stage of rapid development. Since then, China has entered a new period of social development, and the meaning of the period of social transformation has been fully reflected. Because of the complexity of the concept of rights, the theory of conflict of rights is also very controversial. Observing the phenomenon of conflict of rights from different angles, we can draw different conclusions. The development of the theory of conflict of rights is still in an initial stage in our current legal research. We should gradually improve.
In real life, as the subject of rights, individuals or organizations may be in a state of conflict of rights at any time. This kind of conflict of rights can show a cross-cutting situation. From the perspective of the existing form of rights, the conflict of rights in social transformation options is mainly about the impact between moral rights and legal rights. In the period of social transformation, the conflict of rights is universal but also has great particularity. This particularity is mainly determined by the characteristics of the period of social transformation in China. In the period of social transformation, the change of the whole society is all-round. From economic development to social progress, from personal life to social structure, from cities to countryside, all kinds of changes have an accelerating effect on China's social development trajectory. The conflicts of rights manifested by these changes cover all aspects of people's social life, such as houses involving people's vital interests. Education, employment, medical care and so on.
In the period of social transformation, there are many reasons for the conflict of rights, but it can be considered from both inside and outside the right itself. First of all, according to the nature of the right itself, the conflict of rights is not equal to the reciprocity of rights, as Mr. Su Li thought. Conflict of rights is one of the phenomena of conflict of rights. The ambiguity of the boundaries of rights caused by the uncertainty of law is also an important reason for the phenomenon of conflict of rights. During the period of social transformation, the conflict of rights will inevitably be a long-term phenomenon, which is difficult to eliminate. In such a special historical period, because of the shortage of resources, the diversification of the subject of rights, the vigorous development of individual rights awareness and the gap between the current law and reality, the conflict of rights will occur regardless of whether or not. In terms of breadth or depth, they are quite different from China's past social stages.
Conflict of rights is inevitable in a society, and it is even more inevitable in a transitional Chinese society. We can not avoid it, but we should not panic at the same time. We should adopt a correct attitude to deal with these conflicts of rights. First of all, we must abide by certain principles, and at the same time, we must also have corresponding solutions. To solve the conflict of rights and interests in social transformation, we must uphold the fundamental status of the Constitution, not violate the basic provisions of the Constitution, take into account the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and social public interests, achieve the organic unity of the two, and improve the law from the legislative approach. Only in this way can we get a better understanding of the conflict of rights in the period of social transformation, and our thinking of the conflict of rights in the period of social transformation is more meaningful.
It is not only the need of the development of the theory of conflict of rights, but also the requirement of the social development for the learners of the theory of law. Through the study of it, we can deepen the understanding of the theory of conflict of rights on the one hand, on the other hand, we can make the theory better serve the social development and promote the society. Conflict of rights and interests in social transformation is inevitable. Conflict of rights in a society is a normal social phenomenon. We can't ignore the existence of conflict of rights, but we can't feel pessimistic and hopeless about it. We believe that after such a period of social transformation, China's society has gone through a period of social transformation. Through our careful handling of the conflict of rights, our society will become more and more beautiful.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90

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