论法律论证合理性的标准
发布时间：2018-08-30 12:12
【摘要】：认识论和方法论的转向催生出了法律论证理论的研究,并在学者们不断努力和创新下取得了许多显著的研究成果,但对法律论证合理性这个最基本问题的思考和追问却鲜有人问津,对法律论证合理性的标准更是莫衷一是,模糊难辨。伴随司法裁判中出现的许多令社会公众普遍争议、对裁判结果难以接受的案件,研究讨论法律论证的合理性问题进入了笔者的视野。本文指的法律论证仅指狭义的法律论证,也就是司法裁判。笔者认为法律论证的合理性首先必须具备形式合理性和实质合理性,不仅在程序上有体现,更要在论证结果上具有合理性,在法律和社会对合理性的内在和外在要求上达到一致,在内在的合理性与外在的合理性之间趋向平衡统一。法律论证合理性的标准是由内而外和由外而内相互融合的整体,体现在内在标准和外在标准的结合上。其内在标准主要由法律论证的要素决定,外在标准则体现在公众表达的民意之上。内在标准使论证的合理性具备法律和事实基础,理性的民意这个合理性的外在标准使合理性具备社会基础。本文将司法裁判作为中心视角,以之研究司法裁判中的法律论证的合理性问题,这种合理性在各种复杂因素的影响下只能是相对的合理性,绝对的合理性是不存在的。 全文共通过五个部分来对主题进行阐述,包括“法律论证合理性的标准概述”、“法律论证合理性的内在标准”、“法律论证合理性的外在标准”、“法律论证合理性内外标准的关系”、“结论”等内容。引言主要谈及法律论证的合理性及其认定标准的重要性和价值。第一章主要介绍法律论证的合理性及其标准问题。第二章分析探讨法律论证的要素及其合理性的四个内在标准。第三章主要论及合理性论证对民意理性的吸纳,理性的民意是法律论证合理性的外在标准。第四章分析法律论证内外标准之间的关系。结论主要是对法律论证合理性的判定标准是内外标准由内而外和由外而内的渗透融合,来实现司法个案中法律和事实基础与社会基础的对接。法律论证中公众民意参与司法裁判可以形成良性的司法互动,营造出一种和谐的司法氛围,使涵盖社会普遍价值观的社情民意与法律行为实现真正意义上的水乳交融。 以上便是本文所要论述的主要问题和观点,也是本文的主要内容。通过考察几种法律论证理论中的合理性,思考如何对合理性进行判定,笔者提出了自己的观点：法律论证合理性的标准不仅体现在内在的四大要素合理性基础之上,更重要的是离不开公众民意的维度,只有同时遵循合理性论证的内外标准才有希望走出司法裁判可接受性追求的困境。
[Abstract]:The turn of epistemology and methodology gave birth to the study of the theory of legal argumentation, and made many remarkable achievements under the constant efforts and innovations of scholars. But the most basic question of rationality of legal argumentation is that few people are interested in it, and the standard of rationality of legal argumentation is even more ambiguous and difficult to discern. With the emergence of a lot of public disputes in the judicial decision, the author studies and discusses the rationality of legal argumentation in cases where the result of adjudication is difficult to accept. The legal argumentation in this paper only refers to the narrow legal argument, that is, the judicial decision. The author thinks that the rationality of legal argumentation must have formal rationality and substantial rationality, not only in procedure, but also in the result of argumentation. It is consistent with the internal and external demands of law and society on rationality, and tends to balance and unify between internal rationality and external rationality. The standard of rationality of legal argumentation is a whole from inside to outside and from outside to inside, which is embodied in the combination of internal standard and external standard. The internal standard is mainly determined by the elements of legal argumentation, while the external standard is reflected in the public opinion. The internal standard makes the rationality of argumentation have the legal and factual basis, and the rational public opinion, the external standard of rationality, makes the rationality have the social basis. This paper takes the judicial decision as the central angle of view to study the rationality of the legal argument in the judicial decision. This rationality can only be relative rationality under the influence of various complicated factors, and the absolute rationality does not exist. The thesis expounds the theme through five parts, including "the Standard Summary of legal argumentation rationality", "the Internal Standard of legal argumentation rationality", "the external Standard of legal argumentation rationality". The relationship between internal and external standards of rationality in legal argumentation and the conclusion. The introduction mainly talks about the rationality of legal argumentation and the importance and value of its standard. The first chapter mainly introduces the rationality and standard of legal argumentation. The second chapter analyzes the elements of legal argumentation and four internal standards of rationality. The third chapter mainly discusses the rational absorption of public opinion rationality, rational public opinion is the external standard of rationality of legal argumentation. Chapter four analyzes the relationship between internal and external standards of legal argumentation. The conclusion is that the judgment standard of rationality of legal argumentation is the penetration of internal and external standards from inside to outside and from outside to inside to realize the docking between the legal and factual basis and the social basis in judicial cases. In legal argumentation, public opinion participation in judicial adjudication can form a benign judicial interaction, create a harmonious judicial atmosphere, and make the social feelings and public opinion and legal acts, which cover the social values, become truly harmonious. The above are the main problems and viewpoints discussed in this paper, and are also the main contents of this paper. By examining the rationality of several kinds of legal argumentation theories and thinking about how to judge rationality, the author puts forward his own viewpoint: the standard of rationality of legal argumentation is not only embodied in the inherent four elements of rationality, More importantly, it is inseparable from the dimensions of public opinion. Only by adhering to the internal and external standards of rationality argument can we hope to get out of the dilemma of the pursuit of acceptability of the judicial decision.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-051
本文编号：2213037
[Abstract]:The turn of epistemology and methodology gave birth to the study of the theory of legal argumentation, and made many remarkable achievements under the constant efforts and innovations of scholars. But the most basic question of rationality of legal argumentation is that few people are interested in it, and the standard of rationality of legal argumentation is even more ambiguous and difficult to discern. With the emergence of a lot of public disputes in the judicial decision, the author studies and discusses the rationality of legal argumentation in cases where the result of adjudication is difficult to accept. The legal argumentation in this paper only refers to the narrow legal argument, that is, the judicial decision. The author thinks that the rationality of legal argumentation must have formal rationality and substantial rationality, not only in procedure, but also in the result of argumentation. It is consistent with the internal and external demands of law and society on rationality, and tends to balance and unify between internal rationality and external rationality. The standard of rationality of legal argumentation is a whole from inside to outside and from outside to inside, which is embodied in the combination of internal standard and external standard. The internal standard is mainly determined by the elements of legal argumentation, while the external standard is reflected in the public opinion. The internal standard makes the rationality of argumentation have the legal and factual basis, and the rational public opinion, the external standard of rationality, makes the rationality have the social basis. This paper takes the judicial decision as the central angle of view to study the rationality of the legal argument in the judicial decision. This rationality can only be relative rationality under the influence of various complicated factors, and the absolute rationality does not exist. The thesis expounds the theme through five parts, including "the Standard Summary of legal argumentation rationality", "the Internal Standard of legal argumentation rationality", "the external Standard of legal argumentation rationality". The relationship between internal and external standards of rationality in legal argumentation and the conclusion. The introduction mainly talks about the rationality of legal argumentation and the importance and value of its standard. The first chapter mainly introduces the rationality and standard of legal argumentation. The second chapter analyzes the elements of legal argumentation and four internal standards of rationality. The third chapter mainly discusses the rational absorption of public opinion rationality, rational public opinion is the external standard of rationality of legal argumentation. Chapter four analyzes the relationship between internal and external standards of legal argumentation. The conclusion is that the judgment standard of rationality of legal argumentation is the penetration of internal and external standards from inside to outside and from outside to inside to realize the docking between the legal and factual basis and the social basis in judicial cases. In legal argumentation, public opinion participation in judicial adjudication can form a benign judicial interaction, create a harmonious judicial atmosphere, and make the social feelings and public opinion and legal acts, which cover the social values, become truly harmonious. The above are the main problems and viewpoints discussed in this paper, and are also the main contents of this paper. By examining the rationality of several kinds of legal argumentation theories and thinking about how to judge rationality, the author puts forward his own viewpoint: the standard of rationality of legal argumentation is not only embodied in the inherent four elements of rationality, More importantly, it is inseparable from the dimensions of public opinion. Only by adhering to the internal and external standards of rationality argument can we hope to get out of the dilemma of the pursuit of acceptability of the judicial decision.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-051
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