论美国对外贸易区的立法及其对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-11-17 20:44

【摘要】：美国对外贸易区的立法已经形成了一个包括法律、行政法规、州与地方法律法规、判例法以及相关海关国际条约等在内的严密框架体系。其中,《1934年对外贸易区法》是对外贸易区的基本法,发挥着不可替代的作用。从立法模式的角度看,它还呈现出了一条从"变革性立法"向"自治性立法"逐步转型的进路。中国(上海)自由贸易试验区获批后,全国人大常委会、国务院及有关部委、上海市人大常委会与上海市政府等先后发布实施了一系列的法律文件,但仍然面临着基本法缺失等诸多挑战。我国应充分借鉴美国经验,尽快启动自贸区基本法制定的工作,全国人大及其常委会应向上海市人大及其常委会实施特别授权立法,并推动自贸区自治性立法的进程。
[Abstract]:The legislation of U.S. foreign trade zones has formed a strict framework system including laws, administrative regulations, state and local laws and regulations, case law and relevant international treaties on customs. Among them, the Foreign Trade zones Act of 1934 is the basic law of foreign trade zones and plays an irreplaceable role. From the angle of legislative mode, it also presents a gradual transition from "transformative legislation" to "autonomous legislation". After the approval of the China (Shanghai) free trade experimental area, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress, the State Council and relevant ministries and commissions, the standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal people's Congress and the Shanghai Municipal Government successively issued and implemented a series of legal documents. However, it still faces many challenges, such as the absence of the basic Law. China should draw lessons from the experience of the United States and start the work of making the basic Law of the Free Trade area as soon as possible. The NPC and its standing Committee should implement the special authorized legislation to the Shanghai Municipal people's Congress and its standing Committee, and promote the process of the autonomous legislation of the Free Trade area.
【作者单位】：上海海关学院科研处;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“我国知识产权海关保护制度创新研究”(项目编号:12BFX144) 上海市教委科研创新项目“海关视角下应对美国贸易保护主义法律问题研究”(项目编号:12YS195)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D971.2

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