美国专利案件中的律师费承担规则及其发展

发布时间：2018-12-12 00:47

【摘要】：根据"美国规则",诉讼中一般是由双方各自承担律师费用,虽然美国《专利法》第285条特别规定,专利案件中的败诉方承担胜诉方律师费,但仅适用于"例外情况"。实践中,美国联邦法院对"例外情况"又设定了一定的门槛,导致该条的实际适用非常有限。美国新近的专利法改革措施之一是改变诉讼律师费用的承担规则,就在各方对此方案争论不休之时,美国的司法实践做出了积极回应,联邦最高法院在近期的两个案件中进一步明确第285条的适用条件,尝试让轻率发动专利侵权诉讼的原告在败诉时承担胜诉方律师费用,以引导专利权人慎重提起专利侵权诉讼。有必要介绍和分析美国联邦最高法院新近判决,结合中国实际,加以借鉴。
[Abstract]:According to the United States rules, the parties generally bear the costs of lawyers in litigation. Although Article 285 of the Patent Law of the United States provides that the losing party in patent cases shall bear the costs of the winning party, it is only applicable to "exceptional cases". In practice, the Federal Court of the United States has set a certain threshold for "exception", which leads to the very limited practical application of this article. One of the recent patent law reforms in the United States is to change the rules governing the payment of costs for litigant lawyers. At a time when various parties are arguing about this scheme, the judicial practice in the United States has made a positive response. In two recent cases, the Federal Supreme Court further clarified the applicable conditions of Article 285, and tried to allow the plaintiff who had initiated the patent infringement action lightly to bear the costs of the winning party's lawyer in the event of losing the case, in order to guide the patentee to file the patent infringement lawsuit with discretion. It is necessary to introduce and analyze the recent judgments of the United States Federal Supreme Court and draw lessons from China's reality.
【作者单位】：南京大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金“专利权的不确定性与专利诱饵的法律规制研究”阶段性成果之一,项目编号:13BFX122 南京大学985三期项目资助
【分类号】：D971.2;DD913

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