唐代大理寺司法审判制度研究

发布时间：2019-01-03 16:04

【摘要】：唐代大理寺位列三司,在唐代司法系统中发挥着极其重要的作用。随着历史的演变,大理寺逐渐向职能专业化与机构固定化两方面发展,尤其到了唐代更成为了中央专门审判机关。大理寺的职能主要是审判,对于如何审判,唐代律令中做了详细的规定。大理寺的案件来源主要通过上诉的方式取得的,其审理案件的范围主要是中央官员徒刑以上犯罪案件、’审核地方流刑和死刑案件。大理寺受理案件以“不告不理”为原则,同时为了防止法官在审案时徇私舞弊而实行严格的回避制度。大理寺在审理案件时主要采用三审五听之法,并对拷讯的对象、条件做了明确规定。为了保证案件能够准确及时的判决,大理寺采用了将具体责任落实到法官个人的连署制和针对疑难案件共同商议的集议制。当然在判决时还应“依告状鞫狱”,并严格按照成文的律、令、格、式判决。没有监督也就没有了正义,唐代为了使大理寺司法官员依法办案采取了一系列行之有效的监督措施。主要有法律的监督、中央司法机关刑部和御史台的监督、中央行政机关的监督和皇帝的监督。正是因为这种机制对唐代大理寺司法审判的监督,保证了大理寺审判结果的公正性与合法性。
[Abstract]:Dali Temple in Tang Dynasty ranked three departments, in the Tang Dynasty judicial system plays an extremely important role. With the evolution of history, Dali Temple gradually developed to function specialization and institutional immobilization, especially to the Tang Dynasty, which became the central specialized judicial organ. Dali Temple's main function is to judge, for how to judge, the Tang Dynasty decree made detailed provisions. The source of Dali Temple cases is mainly obtained by way of appeal, and the scope of the cases is mainly the cases of the central officials' imprisonment or above, 'examining the cases of local living-punishment and the death penalty. Dali Temple accepts cases on the principle of "no complaint and no notice", and implements strict withdrawal system in order to prevent judges from practicing favoritism and malpractice. Dali Temple mainly adopts the law of three trials and five hearings, and clearly stipulates the object and condition of the hearing. In order to ensure the accurate and timely judgment of the case, Dali Temple adopts the system of co-signing the concrete responsibility to the individual judge and discussing the difficult cases together. Of course, the sentence should also be "according to the complaint", and strictly in accordance with the written law, order, style judgment. Without supervision, there would be no justice. In order to make the judicial officials of Dali Temple handle cases according to law, Tang Dynasty took a series of effective supervision measures. There are mainly the supervision of the law, the central judicial organ and the imperial court, the central administrative organ and the emperor's supervision. It is precisely because this kind of mechanism supervises the judicial trial of Dali Temple in Tang Dynasty, which guarantees the justice and legitimacy of the judicial result of Dali Temple.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D929;D926

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