律师公会与英国法律从业者的培养（15世纪中期到17世纪前期）

发布时间：2018-03-06 23:18

本文选题：英国　切入点：法律职业　出处：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在欧洲大陆,大学长久以来被当作法律教育的基地,承担着绝大部分法律教育的任务,但是这种观念在英国并不适用。从中世纪晚期到近代早期,律师公会垄断了英国的法律职业教育,成为培养法律从业者的主要场所,并藉此享有英国"第三所大学"的美誉。律师公会发展出一套独特的学徒制教育模式,对英国15世纪中期至17世纪早期法律人才的培养居功至伟。本文由绪论、正文和结语三部分组成:绪论阐述本文选题缘由,梳理学界对近代以前律师公会的研究状况,翻译及界定本文所涉及的"律师公会"和"法律从业者"等基本概念。正文分为三个章节。第一章主要阐明律师公会兴起的历史背景以及四大律师公会和预备律师公会的概况。亨利二世的司法改革对普通法的产生和发展有重要影响,统一的中央司法机构的确立则催生了英国中世纪法律职业阶层。律师公会产生于14世纪初,但当时尚未具备对法律从业者的培养教育职能。第二章为本文重点。15世纪中期至17世纪前期是律师公会进行法律教育的成熟期,形成了学徒制的法律从业者培养模式。本章主要阐述律师公会的准入条件和人员构成、法律教育模式和方法、"大学式"教育以及律师公会学徒的从业流向等四个方面。第三章采用比较法,在总结律师公会学徒制培养模式的主要特征及其后期衰落的基础上,通过对比同时期英国牛津大学的"学院制"法律从业者培养模式,分析二者在教育内容、培养目标等诸多方面的异同。结语总结全文,阐述笔者对15至17世纪英国法律从业者培养模式的认识以及本文对我国现代法律教育模式的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In continental Europe, universities have long been used as a base for legal education, undertaking most of the tasks of legal education, but this concept does not apply in England. From the late Middle Ages to the early modern times, The Law Society has monopolized the legal profession in the United Kingdom and become the main place for the training of legal practitioners, and thus enjoys the reputation of "the third university" in England. The Law Society has developed a unique model of apprenticeship education. This paper is composed of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion: the introduction explains the reason of choosing this topic, combs the research status of the law association before modern times. Translation and definition of the basic concepts of "Bar Association" and "Law Practitioners" in this paper. The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter expounds the historical background of the Law Society's rise and the four bar associations and the law of preparation. An overview of the Hong Kong Teachers' Association. Henry II's judicial reform had an important impact on the emergence and development of the common law. The establishment of a unified central judiciary gave birth to the medieval English legal profession. The Bar Association was born in early 14th century. The second chapter focuses on the maturation period of the Law Society from the middle of the 15th century to the early 17th century. This chapter mainly expounds the admission conditions and personnel composition of the Bar Association. The mode and method of legal education, "university-style" education and the direction of the apprenticeship of the Bar Association. Chapter three adopts comparative method, on the basis of summing up the main characteristics of the apprenticeship training model of the Bar Association and its later decline. By comparing the training mode of "college system" legal practitioners in Oxford University of England in the same period, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between them in many aspects, such as educational contents, training objectives and so on. This paper expounds the author's understanding of the training mode of British legal practitioners from 15 to 17th century and the significance of this paper to the modern legal education model in China.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D956.1;DD916.5

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