改革开放以来我国司法理念的历史演变及反思

发布时间：2018-03-10 04:17

本文选题：司法理念　切入点：改革开放　出处：《西北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：司法改革是人类社会法制发展的永恒话题。各国在法治化的进程中，都会采用一种非常行之有效的方法——法律移植。我国在司法改革过程也较多的借鉴了国外的先进经验。但是，制度的建立并不能解决一切问题，法治进程及司法改革的成败并不是由制度的引进和建立所能决定的，起决定作用的应当是司法理念的建立并健康生长。司法理念是司法体制改革的重要组成部分，是司法制度的理论源泉，并直接作用于司法实践。可以说，不讲司法理念而高谈司法改革的，就如同成语“皮之不存，毛将附焉”所表述的意思一样。改革开放以来，我国社会一直处于历史转型期，在市场经济的快速发展与社会结构的深刻转变下，司法体制建设也在不同程度的进行改革。本文顺应不同的历史时期、社会背景，将改革开放以来我国司法理念的历史演变的基本脉络进行梳理和勾勒，司法理念从“法律至上”到“以人为本”再到“和谐司法”，一直指导着司法制度的设计、司法实践的运行。相应的，司法制度也因此建构了一系列具有中国特色的司法制度和诉讼原则。通过对司法理念进行历史的总结和理性的反思，我们可以看出，我国司法理念长期处于本土法治传统与西方现代文明的博弈与混合中，缺乏整体意识和基本共识。司法理念的建立并健康成长需要一个漫长的过程，要找到一种与传统不同的、符合我国基本国情的，科学的指导司法制度和司法实践的司法理念就必须根植于我国的历史传统、立足我国的国情、放眼于世界文明，将优秀的文明成果融合到我国具体的情境中来，，构建富有中国法律精神的司法理念体系。
[Abstract]:Judicial reform is an eternal topic in the legal development of human society. We will adopt a very effective method of law transplantation. Our country has also drawn more lessons from foreign advanced experience in the process of judicial reform. However, the establishment of the system cannot solve all the problems. The process of the rule of law and the success or failure of the judicial reform are not determined by the introduction and establishment of the system, but the establishment and healthy growth of the judicial concept, which is an important part of the reform of the judicial system. It is the theoretical source of the judicial system and acts directly on the judicial practice. It can be said that those who talk about judicial reform without judicial ideas are like the meaning of the idiom "the skin does not exist, Mao will be attached to Yan". Since the reform and opening up, our society has been in the historical transition period, under the rapid development of the market economy and the profound transformation of the social structure, the construction of the judicial system has also been reformed in varying degrees. In the social background, the basic context of the historical evolution of the judicial concept since the reform and opening up has been combed and outlined. The judicial concept has been guiding the design of the judicial system from "law first" to "people-oriented" to "harmonious justice". Accordingly, the judicial system has constructed a series of judicial system and litigation principles with Chinese characteristics. Through the historical summary and rational reflection of the judicial concept, we can see, The judicial idea of our country is in the game and the mix of the local rule of law tradition and the western modern civilization for a long time, and lacks the whole consciousness and the basic consensus. The establishment and the healthy growth of the judicial idea need a long process, to find a kind of different from the tradition, In line with the basic conditions of our country, the scientific judicial concept of guiding the judicial system and judicial practice must be rooted in the historical tradition of our country, based on the national conditions of our country, and focused on world civilization. The outstanding achievements of civilization are integrated into the concrete situation of our country to construct the judicial idea system which is rich in the spirit of Chinese law.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

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