论司法实用主义

发布时间：2018-03-14 02:17

本文选题：实用主义　切入点：司法实用主义　出处：《吉林大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：实用主义作为美国土生土长的哲学流派，，其产生、发展和传播都有着深厚的社会文化背景。虽然实用主义并不是美国唯一的思想流派，却是最为美国人所接受的哲学思想,大多数的美国人都倾向于把实用主义当做最适合他们、对他们生活最有影响的哲学思想。实用主义已渗透到美国社会的各个领域，对美国的法律理论和司法实践也有着重要的影响。将实用主义的核心理念与思维方法运用到司法的具体运作工程中，在美国的司法领域有很多可圈可点之处，实用主义范式下的司法理念为司法裁判提供了一种注重实践和经验的审判路径，这在一定程度上缓解了法官严格适法的压力。实用主义审判理念要求法官以判决可能导致的结果为依据而非绝对按照制定法规则作为裁判内容做出的依据。这在很大程度上减少了判决的修辞，增强了判决的可接受性。本文以司法实用主义理念为研究基点，分别勾勒出美国司法实用主义和当代中国司法实用主义的图景，指出这两者之间存在的关联，以及这两种司法实用主义之间的显著的差异，及其产生这种差异的原因所在。在对与实用主义相似的一些理论进行分析的基础上，指出实用主义的特殊价值所在，然后着重分析当代中国司法实用主义理念在具体司法裁判中存在的价值以及如何有效地发挥司法实用主义的功能，分析司法实用主义的中国特色，最后在文章中指出当代中国司法实用主义存在的一些显性的问题，对司法实用主义理念指导下的司法功能予以反思。本文认为当代中国的司法实用主义虽然与美国的司法实用主义有着诸多的联系，比如二者在理论层面就存在有共同之处，但在具体的操作运用中，当代中国的司法实用主义更侧重于社会效果尤其是政策的导向，这与美国以经验和过程为导向的司法实用主义有着显著区别。因此，在研究当代中国司法实用主义的过程中，应该以当代中国的司法环境和国情为依托，跳出美国司法实用主义的范畴来审视具有当代中国特色的司法实用主义。
[Abstract]:Pragmatism, as a native school of philosophy in the United States, has a profound social and cultural background in its emergence, development and dissemination. Although pragmatism is not the only school of thought in the United States, it is the most accepted philosophy in the United States. Most Americans tend to think of pragmatism as the philosophy that suits them best and has the most impact on their lives. Pragmatism has permeated every field of American society. It also has an important impact on the legal theory and judicial practice of the United States. Applying the core ideas and thinking methods of pragmatism to the concrete operation of justice, there are many notable points in the judicial field of the United States. The judicial idea under the pragmatism paradigm provides a trial path that pays attention to practice and experience for judicial adjudication. This alleviates to some extent the pressure on judges to strictly apply the law. The pragmatism trial concept requires judges to base their decisions on the results that may result from the decision, rather than as the basis for the content of the decisions in absolute accordance with the rules of law. To a large extent, it reduces the rhetoric of judgments, This paper, based on the concept of judicial pragmatism, outlines the prospect of American judicial pragmatism and contemporary Chinese judicial pragmatism, and points out the relationship between them. And the significant difference between the two kinds of judicial pragmatism, and the reasons for the difference. Based on the analysis of some theories similar to pragmatism, the paper points out the special value of pragmatism. Then it analyzes the value of judicial pragmatism in contemporary China and how to give full play to the function of judicial pragmatism, and analyzes the Chinese characteristics of judicial pragmatism. Finally, this paper points out some obvious problems of judicial pragmatism in contemporary China. This article thinks that the judicial pragmatism of contemporary China has many connections with the judicial pragmatism of the United States, for example, there are some common points between them at the theoretical level. However, in the specific operation and application, the judicial pragmatism in contemporary China focuses more on the social effect, especially the policy guidance, which is different from the experience and process-oriented judicial pragmatism in the United States. In the process of studying judicial pragmatism in contemporary China, judicial pragmatism with contemporary Chinese characteristics should be examined in the light of the judicial environment and national conditions in contemporary China and beyond the scope of judicial pragmatism in the United States.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D926

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