公民受教育权司法救济的法理研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 03:36

本文选题：受教育权　切入点：司法救济　出处：《山西大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公民受教育权的司法救济是公民受教育权最有力的救济手段,我国公民受教育权因其内容和法律关系具有复杂性而呈现出司法救济路径的多元,但不同的司法救济路径有其不同的适用范围和局限性,因而考察我国目前受教育权司法救济的理论基础和实践状况具有必要性,有助于保障公民受教育权的全面实现和救济。本文共分四部分。第一部分概述公民受教育权是一项公民基本权利,无论从教育的重要性及公民受教育权权利观念的演变,还是从义务教育看公民受教育权的权利性质,公民受教育权的权利性质都具有合理性。公民受教育权的本质尽管有多种学说,但确定为学习权为受教育权的本质具有合理性。受教育权的权利性质也决定了受教育权理所应当得到充分的救济。这一部分构成了公民受教育权的基础。第二部分说明的公民受教育权司法救济的价值体系,平等、自由和人权构成受教育权价值的主要内容,平等是受教育权的基础价值,自由是受教育权的核心价值,人权是受教育权的最终目的和归宿。这是考察我国公民受教育权司法救济的基本导向。第三部分通过规范分析和案例分析说明公民受教育权的各个司法救济路径各有其特点和功能,同时也存在诸多问题,亟需改进,实现司法救济路径的畅通。民事诉讼路径是公民受教育权司法救济的一般手段,具有救济不充分性的特点。行政诉讼路径需要解决学校能否作为教育行政法律关系主体、行政诉讼中受教育权纠纷的受案范围有哪些等问题,现实实践中存在行政诉讼路径发展滞后的特点,无法满足公民受教育权通过行政路径进行救济的需求。刑事诉讼路径是公民受教育权司法救济的补充手段,需要补充立法对公民受教育过程中的刑事犯罪行为予以追究,保障公民的受教育权。而宪法救济路径缺失,造成公民受教育权的宪法保障无法实现,成为我国公民受教育权司法救济的缺陷。第四部分是针对公民受教育权司法救济中存在的问题,提出解决对策,应当根据我国目前公民受教育权司法救济的现实状况,健全行政诉讼路径和建立宪法救济体制,保障公民受教育权利的实现。行政诉讼路径的健全需要依靠行政诉讼法律法规的完善和行政诉讼理论的发展,需要依靠已有教育行政诉讼案件,总结经验,分析原因,形成独具特点并能够符合我国受教育实践的行政诉讼体系,建立行政复议与行政诉讼和行政赔偿的衔接。宪法救济体制的建立,需要健全宪法救济的机构,明确宪法救济实施的主体、方式,建立宪法诉讼受理机构,畅通公民为宪法权利寻求救济的渠道和程序,保障公民的基本权利。
[Abstract]:The judicial relief of the citizen's right to education is the most powerful means of relief for the citizen's right to education. Because of the complexity of the content and the legal relationship, the right of education of the citizen of our country presents the pluralism of the judicial remedy path. However, different ways of judicial relief have their different scope of application and limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the theoretical basis and practical situation of the judicial relief of the right to education in our country, which is helpful to ensure the comprehensive realization and relief of the right to education of citizens. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes that the citizen's right to education is a citizen's basic right, whether from the importance of education and the evolution of the concept of citizen's right to education, or from the compulsory education view of the nature of citizens' right to education. The nature of a citizen's right to education is reasonable. However, it is reasonable to define the right to study as the right to education. The nature of the right to education also determines that the right to education deserves adequate relief. This part forms the basis of the right to education of citizens. The value system of judicial relief of citizens' right to education, Equality, freedom and human rights constitute the main content of the value of the right to education, equality is the fundamental value of the right to education, and freedom is the core value of the right to education, Human rights are the ultimate purpose and destination of the right to education, which is the basic direction of judicial relief of the right to education of Chinese citizens. In the third part, through normative analysis and case analysis, it is shown that every judicial remedy path of citizens' right to education has its own characteristics and functions, and at the same time, there are many problems, which need to be improved. The path of civil action is the general means of judicial relief of citizens' right to education, which is characterized by insufficient relief. The path of administrative litigation needs to solve whether the school can be regarded as the subject of educational administrative legal relationship. What are the problems in the scope of the dispute over the right to education in administrative litigation, and the characteristics of the development of the path of administrative litigation lag behind in practical practice? The path of criminal procedure is a supplementary means of judicial relief for citizens' right to receive education, which requires supplementary legislation to investigate criminal acts in the course of education. Protection of citizens' right to education. But the path of constitutional relief is missing, resulting in the constitutional protection of citizens' right to education cannot be realized. The 4th part is aimed at the problems existing in the judicial relief of the citizen's right to education, and puts forward some countermeasures, which should be based on the current situation of the judicial relief of the citizen's right to education in our country. Perfecting the path of administrative litigation and establishing the constitutional relief system to guarantee the realization of citizens' right to receive education. The perfection of the path of administrative litigation depends on the perfection of laws and regulations of administrative litigation and the development of administrative litigation theory. We need to rely on the existing cases of educational administrative litigation, sum up our experience, analyze the reasons, and form an administrative litigation system that has unique characteristics and can conform to the educational practice of our country. To establish the link between administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation and administrative compensation, the establishment of constitutional relief system needs to perfect the organization of constitutional relief, make clear the main body and mode of the implementation of constitutional remedy, and establish the organization for accepting constitutional litigation. Unimpeded citizens seek relief channels and procedures for constitutional rights to protect citizens' basic rights.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D921;D926

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