监狱刑罚执行阶段完善减刑假释问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 19:46

本文选题：刑罚执行　切入点：减刑假释　出处：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为国家的刑罚执行机关,监狱承担着正确执行刑罚,惩罚和改造罪犯,预防和减少犯罪的职能。监狱工作的核心是刑罚执行工作,而刑罚执行工作的重中之重就是罪犯减刑假释工作。随着监狱刑罚执行工作科学化、规范化、精细化建设的不断深化,特别是刑法修正案(八)和2012年《关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律若干问题的规定》颁布后,监狱减刑假释工作出现了一些新特点、新问题,亟需对监狱减刑假释工作进行深入探讨和研究,给予新的定位和认识,做好完善工作。从世界减刑假释的发展历史不难看出,尽管有裁定机构、减刑假释条件、标准、幅度等差异,但不可否认的是,减刑假释在不同时期、不同国家的刑事法律体系中均扮演了重要角色,起到了重要的法律调节作用。我国减刑假释工作起步较晚,但新中国成立后发展迅速,陆续于1954年颁布了《劳动改造条例》,1979年颁布了《刑法》和《刑事诉讼法》,1994年颁布了《监狱法》,并于1991年、1997年和2011年最高人民法院先后三次颁布《关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律若干问题的规定》。这一系列法律和规定的颁布实施,有力地推进了我国减刑假释制度的完善和发展,使得假释减刑制度得以良好地运行,为做好罪犯改造工作奠定了扎实的基础。但是,在司法实践中由于法制概念模糊、缺乏量化标准、标准不统一、缺乏有效监督等原因,致使监狱在办理罪犯减刑假释案件中存在诸如：减刑假释实质条件不清晰,减刑率过高、假释率过低,减刑假释标准不统一,减刑假释缺乏有效监督等问题,亟待完善。现结合监狱工作实际,认真分析监狱执法中存在的问题,重点围绕立法完善、减刑假释办理标准、减刑假释办理程序、事后监督等方面,针对问题逐一提出有效完善措施,为进一步做好刑罚执行工作奠定基础。
[Abstract]:As the national penalty enforcement organ, the prison undertakes the function of correctly carrying out the penalty, punishing and reforming the criminal, preventing and reducing the crime. The core of the prison work is the execution of the penalty. The most important task in the execution of punishment is the commutation and parole of criminals. With the deepening of the scientific, standardized and meticulous construction of prison penalty enforcement, especially the Criminal Law Amendment (8) and the Criminal Law Amendment (8) and 2012 < on dealing with commutation of sentences, After the promulgation of the regulations on the specific Application of Law in Parole cases, some new features and problems have appeared in the prison commutation and parole work. It is urgent to make a thorough discussion and study on the prison commutation and parole work, and give a new orientation and understanding. Do a good job of perfecting. It is not difficult to see from the history of the development of commutation and parole in the world that, although there are differences in adjudication institutions, conditions, standards, and extent of parole, it is undeniable that commutation and parole take place in different periods. The criminal legal systems of different countries have played an important role and played an important role in regulating the law. The commutation and parole work in China started relatively late, but it developed rapidly after the founding of New China. The regulations on Reform through Labour were promulgated in 1954, the Criminal Law and the Code of Criminal procedure were promulgated in 1979, the Prison Law was promulgated in 1994, and the Supreme people's Court promulgated the commutation of sentence three times in 1991, 1997 and 2011. The promulgation and implementation of this series of laws and regulations have pushed forward the perfection and development of the commutation and parole system in China, and have enabled the commutation and parole system to operate well. It has laid a solid foundation for the reform of criminals. However, in judicial practice, due to the vague concept of the legal system, the lack of quantitative standards, the lack of unity of standards, the lack of effective supervision, and so on, As a result, prison has some problems in handling the cases of commutation and parole of criminals, such as: the essential conditions of commutation and parole are not clear, the commutation rate is too high, the parole rate is too low, the standard of commutation and parole is not uniform, and the commutation and parole lacks effective supervision, etc. The problems existing in prison law enforcement are analyzed, focusing on the improvement of legislation, the standards for commutation and parole, the procedures for handling commutation and parole, the supervision after the event, and so on. The effective measures are put forward one by one to lay the foundation for the execution of penalty.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D924.1;D926.7

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