检察官客观公正义务研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 22:38

本文选题：检察官 + 客观公正义务　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：检察官客观公正义务是检察官在司法活动中必须遵守的基础性原则,其内容反映在检察活动中的各个环节和各个阶段。客观公正义务要求检察官既要履行追诉犯罪的国家职能,同时更要在追诉犯罪的过程中保障人权。这就要求检察官须居于中立客观的地位,超越当事人的立场,不能以对被追诉人定罪量刑作为唯一的价值追求,而是对案件的公平正义负责,对法律负责,体现检察官是国家法律守护者的地位。但是,我们需要看到的是,我国检察官客观公正义务的履行并不乐观,存在很多问题和现实困境。其中,特别需要注意的是刑事错案中的客观公正义务履行的缺失。另外,以审判为中心的诉讼制度的改革对检察官履行客观公正义务也提出了新的要求和标准。为实现社会公平正义,保障客观公正义务的切实履行,防止客观公正义务履行的形式化。本文以检察官客观公正义务的基本认识为切入点,比较和研究国外相关规范,找到客观公正义务履行的现实困境,分析其原因并在此基础上对如何保障检察官客观义务的有效履行进行探究。详细的内容分为以下几章进行了论述:第一章,检察官客观公正义务的理论基础。这部分内容主要包括客观公正义务的基本概念和内涵以及与检察官职业伦理的关系。总结归纳了客观公正义务的本质以及发现实质真实和正当程序遵守的具体内涵,并从检察官职业伦理中找到客观公正义务的精神内容。第二章,检察客观公正义务的国外规范考察及比较。这部分主要总结分析了国际性文件、不同法系国家如德国,法国,美国等国家的法律文件,并进行了规范现状的比较。检察官客观公正义务已成为了一项国际共知共认的准则,欧美国家的法律规范从各个不同的侧重点做出了规定。我国需要理性分析并借鉴国际准则和其他国家关于客观公正义务的有利内容。第三章,保障我国检察官客观公正义务的履行现状及分析。这部分主要总结了我国检察官客观公正义务履行的法律基础、履行现状,进而详细分析了履行检察官客观公正义务存在的难题,包括制度困境、角色冲突、体制障碍、办案机制的障碍以及心理难题。第四章,我国检察官客观公正义务有效履行的途径。这部分是研究如何保障我国检察官客观义务的有效实现。主要是从以审判为中心的诉讼制度的改革,建立健全科学合理的制度和机制、程序保障、检察官职业伦理的内容以及检察官职业伦理的精神价值的角度进行研究。
[Abstract]:The objective and fair duty of public procurators is the basic principle that prosecutors must abide by in judicial activities, and its contents are reflected in all aspects and stages of procuratorial activities.The obligation of objective justice requires that prosecutors should not only perform the national function of prosecuting crimes, but also protect human rights in the process of prosecution of crimes.This requires that the prosecutor should be in a neutral and objective position, go beyond the position of the parties, and not take the conviction and sentencing of the accused person as the only value pursuit, but be responsible for the fairness and justice of the case and be responsible for the law.The public procurator is the guardian of the state law.However, what we need to see is that the performance of the objective and fair obligation of our country's prosecutors is not optimistic, and there are many problems and practical difficulties.Among them, special attention should be paid to the deficiency of the objective and fair obligation in the case of criminal error.In addition, the reform of the trial-centered litigation system puts forward new requirements and standards for prosecutors to fulfill their objective and fair obligations.In order to realize social fairness and justice, to ensure the practical implementation of objective and just obligations, to prevent the formalization of objective and just obligations.Based on the basic understanding of the public procurator's objective and fair duty, this paper compares and studies the relevant norms of foreign countries, and finds out the realistic dilemma of fulfilling the objective and impartial obligation.On the basis of analyzing the reasons, this paper probes into how to guarantee the effective performance of the public prosecutor's objective obligation.The detailed contents are divided into the following chapters: the first chapter, the theoretical basis of the objective and fair obligation of prosecutors.This part mainly includes the basic concept and connotation of objective and fair obligation and the relationship with the professional ethics of public procurators.This paper summarizes the essence of objective and just obligation and the concrete connotation of finding out the essence of truthfulness and due process compliance, and finds out the spiritual content of objective and just obligation from the public procurator's professional ethics.The second chapter, the inspection and comparison of the foreign norms of objective and fair procuratorial duty.This part mainly summarizes and analyzes the international documents, the legal documents of different legal system countries such as Germany, France, the United States and so on, and makes a comparison of the present situation of the norms.The objective and fair duty of public procurators has become a standard of international common recognition, and the legal norms of European and American countries have been stipulated from different emphases.Our country needs to rationally analyze and draw lessons from international standards and other countries' favorable contents on objective and impartial obligations.The third chapter, safeguards our country prosecutor objective fair duty fulfillment present situation and the analysis.This part mainly summarizes the legal basis and the present situation of the implementation of the objective and impartial obligation of public procurators in China, and then analyzes in detail the problems existing in fulfilling the objective and impartial obligations of prosecutors, including the system dilemma, role conflict, and institutional obstacles.Obstacles to the handling of cases and psychological problems.The fourth chapter, our country procurator objective fair duty effective fulfillment way.This part is to study how to ensure the effective realization of the objective obligation of public procurators in our country.It is mainly from the angle of the reform of the litigation system centered on trial, the establishment and perfection of scientific and reasonable system and mechanism, the guarantee of procedure, the content of the professional ethics of procurators and the spiritual value of the professional ethics of prosecutors.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.3

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