检察机关参与刑事和解的问题与对策

发布时间：2018-04-17 18:34

本文选题：刑事和解 + 检察机关　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：检调对接是指检察机关对轻微刑事案件、控申信访纠纷、民事申诉执行和解案件，在当事人自愿申请下，进行有组织的、规范化的、非诉讼式的调解处理的一种工作机制。做为推进“化解社会矛盾、创新社会管理、执法公正廉洁”三项重点工作的有力举措。既符合构建社会主义和谐社会客观要求，又趋向以人为本的司法理念，在经过扎实的基层司法实践经验积累之后，必将会得到广泛的社会认同和发展空间。不失为是新形势下检察机关执法办案的一种创新型机制。检调对接的主要措施之一——刑事和解，受到了实务界和理论界的高度关注。主要是因该制度契合了国内构建和谐社会的主题及国际恢复性司法的刑事司法潮流。传统刑事法国家的中国，由于目前相关的理念与制度及相关工作机制均对刑事和解的实践探索造成了极大的困境，影响了刑罚目的的有效实现。所以对相关理念、制度及工作机制进行改造和革新，才能为推进刑事和解这一工作机制的构建及施行提供可能的出路。我国宪法明确规定，人民检察院是中华人民共和国的法律监督机关。其法律监督的地位和职责决定了检察机关在落实各项工作中的重要地位。现代检察权具有制约国家公权力的行使保障公民权利的双重功能。这就决定了我国检察机关必须把民众的新的司法需求作为检察工作的出发点和检验标准。刑事和解是应民众的新的司法需求而生，但检察机关在刑事和解中的地位却不甚明了。在新刑诉法颁布前，检察机关将刑事和解作为一种化解社会矛盾的工作机制在积极推进，但由于没有法律明确规定，检察机关逐渐陷入了尴尬的境地，，是积极主持和解还是消极监督和解，如何保持中立的地位，如何维护法律的权威，难题层出不穷。在刑事和解探索过程中，种种现实困境与障碍摆在检察机关面前，使其功能难以发挥。刑事和解作为一种制度改革，在初级阶段，进行多种尝试，这是难免的，也是应该的，但随着改革的不断深入、发展，需要一个完整统一的实施方案。我们应在大量前期工作的基础上，经过充分的分析和研究而制定出一个标准，才能做到行之有法，依之有据，使得这一制度得以循序渐进，健康的发展。理性地看待刑事和解在刑事法制中的地位和作用，对于这一制度未来命运而言至关重要。过度夸大其效用，和无情贬低其意义一样，都会给这项制度创新带来“厄运”。由于该制度尚处于初级发展阶段，与原有相关理念、制度以及相关工作机制所迸发出的有关问题出现在我们的面前。短短几年备受推崇后，该制度实践开始受到不断的质疑。刑事和解关涉对诸多基本法治理念的再认识问题，学者们认为刑事和解的正当性在于，其在政治上有利于和谐社会的构建，在法律上符合宽严相济的刑事政策，而在理论研究中又顺应了“恢复性司法”的理念。为了能更有效地保证调解者的中立性与和解协议的自愿性。那么对于刑事和解的模式则认为由社会上中立的调解机构来主持更为合适。为了确保刑事和解达到良好的社会效果以及该制度的正当性，我们应在对刑事和解的适用范围和对象条件作出明确限定的同时还要防止该制度的滥用。刑事和解尚处于初期的发展阶段，本文意图是通过研究当前检察机关适用刑事和解案件的情况，来反映检察机关在适用刑事和解的实践探索过程中存在的诸多问题，并对该问题加以评析，同时提出完善相关制度和改革检察机关适用刑事和解的基本思路。使该制度的理念与思想逐渐得到公众认同，逐步被大家所接受。做为未来我国刑事司法制度改革的必然选择，作为法律监督的检察机关，适用刑事和解能否有效达到定纷止争和实现公正的价值目标以及充分发挥司法行为对社会关系的调控功能，在本文中得以全面的阐述与诠释。
[Abstract]:The procuratorial mediation refers to the procuratorial organs for minor criminal cases, kongshen petition dispute settlement case, civil enforcement complaint in voluntary parties, organized, standardized, a working mechanism of non litigation mediation type. As to resolve social conflicts, promote the innovation of social management, effective measures law enforcement "impartial and honest three key work. Not only conforms to the objective requirement of building a socialist harmonious society, and the trend of people-oriented concept of justice, after a solid grassroots judicial practice experience, will obtain social identity and broad development space. It is an innovative mechanism for law enforcement prosecutors handling the case under the new situation.
Victim offender reconciliation is one of the main measures in the field of mediation and adjustment. It is highly concerned by practitioners and theorists. The main reason is that the system corresponds to the theme of building a harmonious society in China and the trend of international restorative justice.
The traditional criminal law countries China, due to the current concept and related system and related work mechanism of practice of criminal reconciliation exploration has caused great difficulties, affecting the effective realization of the penalty. So the relevant concept, system and work mechanism of reform and innovation, in order to provide a possible way forward for construction and Implementation of the promotion of criminal the settlement of this system.
China's Constitution clearly stipulates that the people's Procuratorate of People's Republic of China is the legal supervision organ. The status and functions of legal supervision of the procuratorial organs in the decision to implement the important position in the work of the modern procuratorial power has double functions of restricting public rights to protect the rights of citizens. This determines that China must take the public prosecution the new judicial demand as the starting point of procuratorial work and inspection standards. Criminal reconciliation should be the new civil legal needs of students, but the status of the procuratorial organs in criminal reconciliation is not clear. The promulgation of the new criminal procedure law, the procuratorial organs of criminal reconciliation as a mechanism to resolve social contradictions in the actively promote, but because there is no clear legal provisions, procuratorial organs gradually embarrassment, actively hosted reconciliation or passively supervise, how to remain neutral Status, how to safeguard the authority of the law, problems emerge in an endless stream.
Criminal reconciliation in the exploration process, various practical difficulties and obstacles placed in front of the procuratorial organs, the function is difficult to play. As a kind of criminal reconciliation system reform in the primary stage, a variety of attempts, this is inevitable, it should be, but with the continuous deepening of reform and development, the need for a complete unity the implementation of the program. We should be based on a lot of preliminary work, after sufficient analysis and research and develop a standard to do the law, according to the evidence, making this system be gradual, healthy development. Rational view on the status and function of criminal reconciliation in the criminal legal system. For thefuture of this system is very important. To overstate its utility, and ruthlessly belittle the significance, will give the system innovation to bring the "bad luck".
Because the system is still in the primary stage of development, and the original ideas, issues related to system and working mechanism to burst out of the show in front of us. Just a few years after the highly respected, the practice of the system has been constantly questioned. On the basis of criminal reconciliation involves many legal concept recognition problems, scholars believe the legitimacy of the criminal settlement is that it is conducive to building a harmonious society in politics, accord with the criminal policy of combining punishment with leniency in law, and in the theoretical study and conforms to the concept of restorative justice. In order to more effectively ensure the neutrality of the mediator and settlement agreement for voluntary. The criminal reconciliation mode is considered by the community mediation organization neutral to chair is more suitable. In order to ensure that the criminal reconciliation achieved good social effect and the legitimacy of the system, we should be in The application scope and object conditions of criminal reconciliation should be clearly defined and the abuse of the system should be prevented.
The criminal reconciliation is still in the initial stage of development, this paper is intended by the current procuratorial organs of criminal reconciliation case, to reflect the problems existing in the practice of the procuratorial organs for criminal reconciliation in the process of exploring, and the problem of the basic ideas to improve the relevant system and the reform of the procuratorial organs of criminal reconciliation the ideas and thoughts. This system has gradually been public recognition, has been accepted. As an inevitable choice for the future criminal judicial system reform of our country, as the procuratorial organs of legal supervision, application of criminal reconciliation can effectively settle disputes and achieve the value goal of justice and give full play to the regulatory function of judicial behavior the social relations, to elaborate and comprehensive interpretation in this paper.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.2;D926.3

【参考文献】