我国司法裁判的民意基础

发布时间：2018-05-07 20:12

本文选题：司法裁判 + 民意　；参考：《太原科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：一般认为,民主国家的法律本就是民意的体现,司法部门遵守经民主程序所制定的法律进行裁决,就是执行民意。依此理解,在司法与民意二者之间不应当存在冲突。可是随着民众法律意识的提高和法律职业化的深入,实际生活中的司法与民意已经凸显出了其紧张关系。如近年的邱兴华案、许霆案、邓玉娇等典型案件,民意已成为司法裁判必须认真考量的重要因素之一。尤其是新兴媒体互联网的兴起,使得法院审判居于全新的信息环境之中,司法随时要面临更快捷、更狂热的网络舆论压力。民意作为一种社会监督力量,利于法院公正审判的实现。关注民意,正视其存在和影响,有助于判决获得更广泛的正当化支持。既然司法不可能与民意完全隔离,那么以积极的态度寻找一条使司法与民意保持良性互动的路径,便成为一个同时具有理论意义与现实意义的课题。民意在一个程序化的建构中,以合理、有效的方式参与到司法中,民众以理性的视角审视司法,民意和司法在更大程度上保持一致,最终实现司法权威和两个效果的共赢。本文首先由案例形式引出我国目前民意与司法的紧张关系,介绍了学界有关研究现状。通过对舆论、舆情等相似概念的了解,得出了笔者自己的观点,民意可以理解为民众针对法律事件,基于其自身伦理观、价值观以及知识结构所形成的基本看法或意愿。通过比较中国与英美等国家对待民意所持的不同态度及不同做法,同时对我国民意与司法裁判呈现的现状、成因归纳并分析的基础上,回答民意为何要进入司法的问题,具有理论依据和现实的依托,在民意作为司法裁判基础的正当性得到认同下,进而就民意如何合理、合法地进入司法的具体路径进行了简单探讨,靠近民意的同时也要坚持司法的独立性,包括法律信仰的培育、对媒体的适度规范以及人民陪审员制度的优势发挥等,探寻二者的相处平衡。当民意能够通过一个合理、有效的方式参与到司法中来,人们将会以更加理性的视角来重新审视司法,民意和司法两者也将能在更大程度上保持一致。
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that the laws of a democratic country are the embodiment of public opinion, and that the administration of justice to abide by the laws made by democratic procedures is to enforce public opinion. According to this understanding, there should be no conflict between justice and public opinion. However, with the improvement of people's legal consciousness and the deepening of legal professionalization, the tense relationship between judicial and public opinion has been highlighted in actual life. In recent years, such typical cases as Qiu Xinghua case, Xu Ting case and Deng Yujiao case, public opinion has become one of the important factors that must be carefully considered in judicial decisions. Especially the rise of the new media Internet makes the court adjudication in a new information environment and the judiciary will face faster and more fanatical pressure of public opinion on the network at any time. Public opinion, as a social supervision force, is conducive to the realization of a fair trial by the court. Paying attention to public opinion and facing up to its existence and influence will help to obtain wider legitimacy support. Since justice cannot be completely isolated from public opinion, it becomes a topic of both theoretical and practical significance to look for a way to make the judicial and public opinion interact with each other in a positive manner. Public opinion in a procedural construction, in a reasonable and effective way to participate in the administration of justice, the public from a rational perspective to examine the judiciary, public opinion and the judiciary to a greater extent consistent, and ultimately achieve the judicial authority and the two effects of win-win. Firstly, this paper introduces the tense relationship between public opinion and judicature in China, and introduces the current situation of academic research. Through the understanding of similar concepts such as public opinion and public opinion, this paper draws the author's own point of view. Public opinion can be understood as the basic view or will formed by the public in view of legal events, based on their own ethics, values and knowledge structure. By comparing the different attitudes and practices of China and the United States and other countries towards public opinion, at the same time, on the basis of summing up and analyzing the present situation of public opinion and judicial decision in our country, we can answer the question of why public opinion should enter the judicial system. With theoretical basis and realistic backing, under the recognition of the legitimacy of public opinion as the basis of judicial adjudication, this paper makes a brief discussion on how public opinion can reasonably and legally enter into the specific path of justice. At the same time, we should adhere to the independence of the judiciary, including the cultivation of legal beliefs, the appropriate norms of the media and the advantages of the people's jury system, and explore the balance between the two. When public opinion can participate in the administration of justice in a reasonable and effective way, people will be able to re-examine justice from a more rational perspective, and the public opinion and the judiciary will be able to maintain a greater degree of consistency.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926

【参考文献】