论我国法院调解制度的完善

发布时间：2018-05-08 17:07

本文选题：法院调解 + 纠纷解决　；参考：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：法院调解是被誉为“东方经验”的我国民事诉讼制度的一大特色。法院调解与判决同为审判机关处理纠纷的两列轨道，，与判决的刚性不同的是调解更趋温和，以当事人的自由意志为主导，内含于法院调解中的司法权几乎不带有强制性的色彩。法院调解还使当事人充分参与到了解决纠纷的过程中，有助于消解双方当事人紧张的关系，有效地避免双方当事人之间因非赢即输的判决而导致的关系破裂甚至“二次冲突”。尽管法院调解制度有很多优点，但是法院调解由于制度不够成熟，存在的问题也很多，本文即先介绍法院调解的基本情况，然后提出一些完善建议。本文分为五个部分，分别从我国法院调解制度概述、法院调解相关制度之历史考察、法院调解制度存在的问题、各地法院的探索、法院调解制度的重构五个方面进行论述。第一部分重新界定了法院调解的概念，介绍了一些代表性国家和地区的调解制度，并进行了简单的比较研究，然后对我国法院调解的性质、结构要素和价值选择进行了分析。第二部分从我国法院调解的历史沿革上，分析我国法院调解的来龙去脉，并就具有代表性的地区的调解制度进行介绍，为法院调解在本土资源的发展提供参考。第三部分指出了现今我国法院调解制度存在的一些问题。法律规定的内容与实践得出的结论不符，法院调解的规定大多是一些原则性的问题，具体包括事实清楚、分清是非”原则存在争议、“调审合一”的诉讼模式存在严重弊端、“自愿原则”常被曲解三个方面，在具体操作中容易被曲解。第四部分是对我国一些地方对法院调解探索成果的介绍。法院调解的自愿性决定了对程序性要求的不严格，为了寻找更适合我国国情的法院调解，各地方自主发挥能动性，在实践中探索完善方法。第五部分是对我国法院调解制度的一些完善建议。从原则性规定到具体程序的完善都做出了一些建议。笔者借本文对诉讼调解制度的探讨，希望能为日后的理论和实务研究提供可靠的参考。
[Abstract]:Court mediation is one of the characteristics of civil litigation system in China, which is praised as "oriental experience". The court mediation and judgment are the two tracks for the judicial organs to deal with disputes. What is different from the rigidity of the judgment is that the mediation tends to be more moderate, which is dominated by the free will of the parties, and the judicial power contained in the court mediation has almost no mandatory color. Court mediation also enables the parties to participate fully in the process of resolving disputes, helps to resolve the tense relations between the two parties, and effectively avoids the breakdown of relations or even "secondary conflicts" between the two parties due to either winning or losing judgment. Although the court mediation system has many advantages, but the court mediation system is not mature, there are many problems, this paper first introduces the basic situation of court mediation, then puts forward some suggestions. This article is divided into five parts, respectively from our country court mediation system overview, court mediation related system of historical investigation, court mediation system problems, local courts exploration, court mediation system reconstruction five aspects are discussed. The first part redefines the concept of court mediation, introduces the mediation system of some representative countries and regions, and makes a simple comparative study, and then analyzes the nature, structural elements and value choice of court mediation in our country. The second part analyzes the history of court mediation in our country, and introduces the mediation system in representative areas, which provides a reference for the development of court mediation in the local resources. The third part points out some problems existing in China's court mediation system. The contents of the legal provisions are not consistent with the conclusions reached in practice. The provisions of court mediation are mostly principled issues, including clear facts, dispute over the principle of distinguishing between right and wrong, and serious defects in the litigation mode of "unity of trial and order". Voluntary principle is often misinterpreted in three aspects, which is easy to be misinterpreted in concrete operation. The fourth part is to some places of our country to the court mediation exploration achievement. The voluntary nature of court mediation determines that the procedural requirements are not strict. In order to find the court mediation which is more suitable for the national conditions of our country, all localities play their own initiative and explore the perfect methods in practice. The fifth part is to our country court mediation system some perfect suggestion. From the principle stipulation to the concrete procedure consummation has made some suggestions. The author hopes to provide a reliable reference for the theoretical and practical research in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

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