银行借贷案件执行难问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 04:04

本文选题：银行借贷案件执行 + 执行通知　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：银行借贷案件执行难一直是基层人民法院在办理银行借贷案件执行的一个重要难题。虽然自2008年开始,在全国掀起了轰轰烈烈的清理执行积案的暴风运动,将大量的执行积难案件执结完毕,规范了执行工作,建立了执行联运机制,增加了执行力度,使执行工作顺利有序地得到了发展。但是,“执行难”仍是人民法院在办理案件过程中存在的一个不容忽视的问题,当事人没有财产、当事人不知去向、当事人“三角债”严重、当事人为抗拒执行采取各种各样的对策等等,使“执行难”在银行借贷执行案件中变得尤为突出。笔者针对银行借贷案件执行难的相关问题进行了探讨,建议我国在银行借贷案件执行中采取行之有效的措施提高执行效力,使银行机构的权益得到很好的维护。全文共分三个部分,摘要如下：第一部分,阐明了银行借贷案件执行的意义、概念和性质。通过阐述,明确了对银行借贷案件执行是生效法律文书得以实现的重要途径,是银行机构的权利得以实现的有力保障,是迫使债务人履行债务的有效保证,是维护法律权威的重要形式,是司法公平正义、司法为民的有力体现,也是确保民事诉讼制度存在和发展的根本。进一步确定了银行借贷案件执行是银行机构依法按照人民法院生效裁判文书确定的内容,在债务人不履行债务的情况下,向人民法院提出执行申请,人民法院依法定程序,运用国家强制力,采取强制手段,根据生效裁判文书的内容要求债务人履行人民法院生效裁判文书确定的债务,以保证银行机构合法权利得以实现的民事强制程序。是人民法院运用国家强制力,充分体现了国家意志,是民事诉讼程序的一部分,是民事诉讼程序的最终程序,但不是必经程序。是在我国实现审执分立,执行兼具司法行为和行政行为的特点。第二部分,分析了银行借贷案件执行难的问题和原因。运用基层人民法院在办理银行借贷案件执行中出现的主要问题,对银行借贷案件执行难问题进行了深入的剖析,确定了其影响包括三个方面：损害了当事人的基本权益、违反了诉讼制度的基本理论及破坏了民事执行程序。而产生上述问题的根本原因包括立法上缺乏明确具体的规定、操作上缺乏高效的处理程序和内控上缺乏灵活的处理机制。第三部分,充分论述了解决银行借贷案件执行难的对策。首先建议在立法上完善对银行借贷案件执行的具体规定。包括在执行中略去执行通知环节,直接向债务人进行强制执行的构想；在执行过程中采取最高人民法院与人民银行联合出台关于银行机构借贷案件在执行过程中偿还借款本息的程序和偿还借款本息金额的规范的建议；建议建立相应的全民资产及负债申报制度。其次,在操作上提升对案件的处理效能。包括建议加强对执行员的理论专业知识的培训及实践技能的培训,加强理论修养,杜绝随意性；建议基层人民法院明确该类案件在人民法院内部的审批程序所需的时间,并将这一时间明示给执行员以便执行员便宜行事。第三,在内控上加强灵活机动的处理机制。包括法院在出具执行通知书的时候,明确写清债务人拖欠的本金,利息的计算方式及截止某日具体的罚息数额；银行机构内部自身加强灵活的处理机制等内容。
[Abstract]:The difficulty in the implementation of the bank lending cases has been an important problem in the implementation of the bank lending cases at the grass-roots level. Although since 2008, it has set off a vigorous campaign to clean up and execute the accumulated cases in the country, and has completed the execution of a large number of execution cases, established the implementation of the joint transport mechanism, and increased the implementation of the joint transport mechanism. However, the "difficult execution" is still a problem that the people's court can not ignore in the process of handling cases, the parties have no property, the parties have disappeared, the parties "triangle debt" is serious, and the parties are resisting the implementation of all kinds of countermeasures and so on, etc. The "difficulty of execution" has become particularly prominent in the case of bank lending and execution. The author discusses the problems related to the difficult implementation of bank lending cases, and suggests that our country take effective measures in the implementation of bank lending cases to improve the effectiveness of execution so that the rights and interests of the banking institutions are well maintained. The full text is divided into three parts. As follows:
The first part clarifies the significance, concept and nature of the implementation of bank lending cases. Through the elaboration, it is clear that the implementation of the bank lending cases is an important way to realize the effective legal documents, the powerful guarantee for the realization of the rights of the bank institutions, the effective guarantee for the debtors to perform the debt, and the importance of maintaining the authority of the law. Form, is the judicial fair and justice, the powerful embodiment of the judiciary for the people, and the basis for ensuring the existence and development of the civil litigation system. It is further confirmed that the implementation of the bank lending cases is the content determined by the bank institutions according to the people's court's effective referee documents according to law, and the execution of the debtor to the people's court in the case of not performing the debt. In accordance with the law, the people's court, in accordance with the law, makes use of state coercion and coercive means and requires the debtor to fulfill the obligations determined by the effective referee documents of the people's court according to the content of the effective referee's documents, so as to guarantee the civil compulsory procedure for the realization of the legal rights of the banking institutions. It is the people's court that fully embodies the state by using the state force. The will is a part of the civil procedure and the final procedure of the civil procedure, but it is not a required procedure. It is in our country to realize the separation of the adjudicatory and carry out the characteristics of judicial and administrative acts.
In the second part, the problems and reasons for the difficulties in the implementation of the bank loan cases are analyzed. The main problems arising in the implementation of the bank loan cases by the grass-roots people's court are analyzed, and the difficulties in the implementation of the bank loan cases are deeply analyzed, and the influence of the bank is confirmed, including three aspects: the damage to the basic rights and interests of the parties, and the violation of the litigation. The basic theory of the system and the destruction of the civil execution procedure, and the fundamental reasons for the problems arising from the lack of clear and specific provisions in the legislation, the lack of efficient handling procedures and the lack of flexible handling mechanisms in the internal control.
The third part fully discusses the countermeasures to solve the difficulties in the implementation of bank lending cases. First, it is suggested that the specific provisions on the implementation of the bank loan cases should be perfected in the legislation, including the idea of executing the notice in the execution and forcing the debtor to be enforced directly; and the Supreme People's court and the people's Bank are adopted in the process of execution. Some suggestions on the procedures for the repayment of the loan principal and interest in the execution of bank lending cases and the standard of repayment of the money and interest of the loan are introduced; the corresponding declaration system for the national assets and liabilities is set up. Secondly, the handling efficiency of the cases will be improved in operation. Training of practical skills to strengthen theoretical cultivation and eliminate arbitrariness; suggest that the grass-roots people's court should clarify the time required for the examination and approval procedures within the people's court, and express this time to the executor so that the executor will be able to act. Third, strengthen the handling mechanism of the flexibility and maneuver in the internal control. When the letter of notice is written, the principal of the debtor's arrears is clearly written, the method of calculating the interest and the amount of the specific penalty in a certain day; and the strengthening of the flexible handling mechanism within the banking institution itself.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.2;D925.1

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