刑事审判中人民陪审员选任制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 09:46

本文选题：人民陪审员 + 选任制度　；参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国民主法治建设进程的加快,致力于陪审制度的改革也被提上了议事日程。担任人民陪审员是公民的一项基本权利,而如何使公民的这项权利得到更好的法律保障,使公民能够更加公正有序地参与到案件审理中来,则是人民陪审员选任制度改革的前提和关键。然而,随着改革试点工作的进行,人民陪审员选任制度存在的问题也不断出现。例如:担任人民陪审员究竟是公民的权利还是公民的义务;如何能够实现选任人民陪审员的广泛性和随机性;如何完善人民陪审员的管理和保障机制;怎样提高人民陪审员的积极性等等。针对上述问题,本文希望通过文献资料分析法、比较分析法、规范分析法等研究方法对人民陪审员选任制度及其在司法实践中存在的问题进行探索和探究,通过将人民陪审员选任制度写入宪法,加快人民陪审员选任制度的立法步伐,提高陪审员随机抽选的广泛性和代表性,切实保障公民担任人民陪审员的各项程序性和实体性权利,提高人民陪审员参加司法审判的待遇和补助,提升公民担任人民陪审员的积极性和责任感,提高人民陪审员的参与意识与公民意识,为人民陪审员制度的改革提供人员保障。本论文由以下几个部分组成:第一章:绪论。该部分主要包括国内外关于陪审员选任制度的研究现状,本文的研究目的、研究意义及研究方法等。第二章:人民陪审员选任制度概述。这部分主要介绍了人民陪审员选任制度的概念、内容、原则、特点、人民陪审员的性质,以及人民陪审员选任的障碍性因素等等。第三章:该部分重点介绍了人民陪审员选任制度试点改革的现状及其在改革过程中存在的问题。具体包括:法律对于公民有无担任人民陪审员的义务尚无明确规定、已选任的人民陪审员的数量尚无法达到员额法官五倍以上的是要求、目前的选任条件也缺乏可操作性、陪审员的随机抽选存在困难、人民陪审员的管理和保障机制有待完善、公民缺乏对担任人民陪审员的认识,其参加人民陪审员选任的积极性有待提高。第四章:陪审员选任制度的国外借鉴。这一部分主要介绍了几个典型国家的陪审制度(参审制度)中关于陪审员如何选任的经验和做法,包括陪审制度的滥觞——英国、以及美国等英美法系国家的陪审团制度,陪审制度出生在英国,发展壮大却在美国,也包括法国、德国、日本、韩国等大陆法系国家的参审制度中关于陪审员、参审员选任的现状和做法,通过学习和比较国外有关陪审员选任的立法经验和司法实践,对于改革和完善我国人民陪审员选任制度具有重要的借鉴意义。第五章:针对人民陪审员选任制度存在的的问题以及国外的经验和做法,对我国人民陪审员选任制度提出了几点完善建议。具体包括:起草并制定《人民陪审员法》、将人民陪审员选任制度写入宪法、实行人民陪审员的一案一选和随机抽选、完善人民陪审员的保障机制、提高人民陪审员参与司法审判的积极性等等,保障公民能够依法有序地参与案件的审理,促进司法民主、司法公开和司法公正。第六章:结语。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the accelerating process of the construction of democracy and the rule of law in China, the reform of the jury system has also been put on the agenda. It is a basic right of the people to serve as a citizen, and how to make this right of citizens better legal guarantee and enable citizens to participate more impartially and orderly in the trial. The precondition and key of the system reform of the people's jurors' elective system, however, with the reform pilot work, the problems of the people's jurors' selection system have appeared, for example, whether the people's jurors are citizens' rights or citizens' obligations, how to realize the universality and randomness of the elected people's jurors; how to finish it? The management and guarantee mechanism of the good people's jurors; how to improve the enthusiasm of the people's jurors. In view of the above questions, this article hopes to explore and explore the problems of the people's jury selection system and its judicial practice through the methods of literature analysis, comparative analysis, normative analysis and so on. The election system of the people's assessor is written to the constitution to speed up the legislative steps of the people's jurors' elective system, to improve the universality and representativeness of the random selection of the jurors, to ensure the civil jurors' procedural and substantive rights, to improve the treatment and subsidies for the people's jurors to participate in the judicial trial, and to promote the citizens to act as the people's company. This thesis is composed of the following parts: the first chapter: introduction. This part mainly includes the research status of the system of selection and appointment of jurors at home and abroad, the purpose of the study, the significance and the significance of the study. The second chapter: the summary of the system of selection and appointment of the people's assessor. This part mainly introduces the concept, contents, principles, characteristics, the nature of the people's assessor and the obstacles of the selection of the people's assessors, and so on. The third chapter introduces the reform of the trial and appointment system of the people's jurors. There are some problems in the course of the reform. It includes: the law has no clear provisions on the obligation of the citizens to serve as the people's assessor, and the number of selected people's jurors has not yet reached five times the number of the judges, and the present conditions of the election are not operational, and the random selection of the jurors is difficult. The management and guarantee mechanism of the people's jurors need to be improved, the citizens lack the understanding of the people's jurors, and the enthusiasm for the selection of the people's assessors needs to be improved. The fourth chapter: the reference of the jury selection system abroad. This part mainly introduces the jury system in several typical countries (the system of reference trial) about the jurors The selected experience and practice, including the origin of the jury system - the jury system in Britain, and the United States and other Anglo American countries, the jury system born in Britain, the development and expansion in the United States, including France, Germany, Japan, Korea and other continental law countries: the status and Practice of the jury selection in the civil law countries, such as France, Germany, Japan, and Korea. To study and compare the legislative experience and judicial practice of the selection of jurors in foreign countries is of great significance for the reform and improvement of the system of the selection and appointment of the people's assessors in China. The fifth chapter, in view of the problems existing in the system of selection and appointment of the people's assessors, and the experience and practice of foreign countries, puts forward some of the system of selection and appointment of the people's assessors in our country. It includes: drafting and formulating the law of the people's assessor, writing the system of selecting and appointing the people's jurors into the constitution, carrying out the selection and random selection of the people's jurors, improving the security mechanism of the people's jurors, improving the enthusiasm of the people's jurors to participate in the judicial trial, and so on, so as to ensure that the citizens can participate in the case in order according to law. The trial of articles promotes judicial democracy, judicial openness and judicial justice. The sixth chapter: epilogue.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.2

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