论我国民事检察监督制度之完善

发布时间：2018-07-15 18:45

【摘要】：我国的民事检察监督制度起源于新中国成立之初,自1991年《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》颁布后得以正式确立,各级检察机关随即成立相应的民事行检部门,履行民事检察监督职能。至此,民事检察监督制度已实行了二十年。检察机关作为专门的法律监督机关,民事检察监督是其重要的职能之一。但从实行的成效来看,一方面,鉴于我国现行司法制度的发展仍处于初级阶段,各级法院审理的水平存在瑕疵,民事检察监督制度发挥了积极的作用,有效地维护了社会的公平与正义,但在另一方面,民事检察监督制度的先天性不足很大程度上钳制了该项制度的发展与深化,监督的实效性有待进一步增强。甚至有学者提出对于该制度应当予以废止的观点。民事检察监督制度的尴尬地位不言而喻。笔者认为,对于民事检察监督制度的研究,不能以偏概全地从运作不佳的现实角度出发对其全盘否定,而应当从立法上加以明确行使的范围与方式,进而强化并完善该项体制,使其发挥其应有的效能。本文共分三个章节: 第一章,民事检察监督制度的性质。通过全面地对民事检察监督制度的概念进行剖析,充分认识到民事检察监督的性质,该制度在我国宪政体制及检察体制中所处的地位,以及民事检察监督制度存在的目的等,从而对民事检察监督制度的基本理论有一个科学的、客观的了解。第二章,民事检察监督制度存在的价值。对民事检察监督制度的两种派别“否定说”与“强化说”进行了研究和分析,笔者作为民事检察监督制度支持论的一方认为,民事检察监督制度的存在确实起到了维护国家、社会公共利益,维护公民合法权益,维护司法公正与权威等作用,是一项不可或缺的法律制度。同时也阐述了民事检察监督制度存在的理论基础和现实基础。第三章,我国民事检察监督制度的现状与完善。充分肯定当前民事检察监督制度初步取得的成就,但由于我国特殊的历史以及现实国情,现行的民事检察监督制度尚存在着一定的缺陷,并从主客观方面阐述形成这种现象的原因。在此基础上提出对于这种制度进行强化和改革的建议,阐述了强化民事检察监督制度所应当遵循的几项基本原则,并从民事检察人员队伍的专业化水平、明确抗诉权所调整的范围等多方面提出完善的方法,以期更好地发挥检察机关的法律监督职能,有效地维护司法的公平正义。
[Abstract]:The civil procuratorial supervision system in China originated at the beginning of the founding of New China. Since the promulgation of the Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China in 1991, procuratorial organs at all levels immediately established corresponding civil procuratorial departments. To perform the functions of civil procuratorial supervision. So far, the civil procuratorial supervision system has been implemented for 20 years. As a special legal supervision organ, civil procuratorial supervision is one of its important functions. On the one hand, in view of the fact that the development of our country's current judicial system is still in the primary stage, the level of court proceedings at all levels is flawed, and the civil procuratorial supervision system has played an active role. It effectively maintains the fairness and justice of the society, but on the other hand, the congenital deficiency of the civil procuratorial supervision system greatly restrains the development and deepening of the system, and the effectiveness of the supervision needs to be further enhanced. Some scholars even put forward the idea that the system should be abolished. The embarrassing position of the civil procuratorial supervision system is self-evident. The author believes that the study of the civil procuratorial supervision system should not negate the civil procuratorial supervision system from the point of view of its poor operation, but should clearly define the scope and mode of its exercise from the legislative point of view, and then strengthen and perfect the system. Let it play its due effectiveness. This article is divided into three chapters: the first chapter, the nature of civil procuratorial supervision system. By analyzing the concept of civil procuratorial supervision system in an all-round way, the author fully recognizes the nature of civil procuratorial supervision system, its position in the constitutional and procuratorial system of our country, and the purpose of the existence of civil procuratorial supervision system, etc. Thus there is a scientific and objective understanding of the basic theory of the civil procuratorial supervision system. The second chapter, the value of the civil procuratorial supervision system. This paper studies and analyzes the "negative theory" and "strengthening theory" of the two factions of the civil procuratorial supervision system. As one of the supporting parties of the civil procuratorial supervision system, the author believes that the existence of the civil procuratorial supervision system has indeed safeguarded the country. The social public interest, the safeguard citizen's legal rights and interests, the safeguard judicial justice and the authority and so on function, is an indispensable legal system. At the same time, it also expounds the theoretical and practical basis of the existence of civil procuratorial supervision system. The third chapter, our country civil procuratorial supervision system present situation and consummation. Fully affirming the initial achievements of the current civil procuratorial supervision system, but due to the special history and actual national conditions of our country, the current civil procuratorial supervision system still has certain defects. And from the subjective and objective aspects of the formation of this phenomenon. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for strengthening and reforming this kind of system, expounds several basic principles that should be followed in strengthening the civil procuratorial supervision system, and from the specialization level of civil procuratorial personnel, In order to give full play to the legal supervision function of procuratorial organs and effectively safeguard the fairness and justice of judicature, this paper makes clear the scope of the right of protest and puts forward some perfect methods.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.3;D925.1

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